Table 6 Characteristics, risk factors, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for all cardiovascular events combined (acute coronary syndrome, stroke, aortic aneurysm and dissection or acute lower limb ischemia) admissions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) versus non-diabetic patients, according to year of study (2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014)

N (%)^a,b

27,255 (100)

27,255 (100)

NA

32,252 (100)

32,252 (100)

NA

35,098 (100)

35,098 (100)

NA

35,406 (100)

35,406 (100)

NA

Age adjusted rate per 100.000 inhabitants^a

142.1

NA

NA

153.6

NA

NA

153.91

NA

NA

145.13

NA

NA

Male sex, n (%)^a,b

16,677 (61.19)

16,677 (61.19)

NA

20,265 (62.83)

20,265 (62.83)

NA

22,168 (63.16)

22,168 (63.16)

NA

22,558 (63.71)

22,558 (63.71)

NA

Age, mean (SD)^a,b

72.03 (10.35)

72.03 (10.35)

NA

72.56 (10.95)

72.56 (10.95)

NA

72.93 (11.44)

72.93 (11.44)

NA

73.19 (11.8)

73.19 (11.8)

NA

40–59 years, n (%)

3616 (13.27)

3616 (13.27)

NA

4503 (13.96)

4503 (13.96)

NA

5137 (14.64)

5137 (14.64)

NA

5381 (15.2)

5381 (15.2)

NA

60–69 years, n (%)

6270 (23)

6270 (23)

6607 (20.49)

6607 (20.49)

7153 (20.38)

7153 (20.38)

7359 (20.78)

7359 (20.78)

70–79 years, n (%)

10,649 (39.07)

10,649 (39.07)

11,738 (36.39)

11,738 (36.39)

11,328 (32.28)

11,328 (32.28)

10,022 (28.31)

10,022 (28.31)

≥ 80 years, n (%)

6720 (24.66)

6720 (24.66)

9404 (29.16)

9404 (29.16)

11,480 (32.71)

11,480 (32.71)

12,644 (35.71)

12,644 (35.71)

CCI, mean (SD)^a,b

2.56 (0.79)

1.49 (0.74)

< 0.01

2.64 (0.84)

1.54 (0.79)

< 0.01

2.68 (0.86)

1.58 (0.82)

< 0.01

2.79 (0.9)

1.69 (0.86)

< 0.01

Smoking, n (%)^a,b

5393 (19.79)

6014 (22.07)

< 0.01

8101 (25.12)

9129 (28.31)

< 0.01

9768 (27.83)

10,894 (31.04)

< 0.01

10,480 (29.6)

11,857 (33.49)

< 0.01

Obesity, n (%)^a,b

1737 (6.37)

964 (3.54)

< 0.01

2852 (8.84)

1552 (4.81)

< 0.01

3933 (11.21)

2157 (6.15)

< 0.01

4651 (13.14)

2551 (7.2)

< 0.01

Hypertension, n (%)^a,b

14,449 (53.01)

11,428 (41.93)

< 0.01

20,005 (62.03)

15,844 (49.13)

< 0.01

22,471 (64.02)

17,963 (51.18)

< 0.01

22,523 (63.61)

18,344 (51.81)

< 0.01

Lipid metabolism disorders, n (%)^a,b

2574 (9.44)

1740 (6.38)

< 0.01

6176 (19.15)

4238 (13.14)

< 0.01

11,461 (32.65)

8012 (22.83)

< 0.01

14,818 (41.85)

10,010 (28.27)

< 0.01

Renal diseases, n (%)^a,b

1872 (6.87)

1272 (4.67)

< 0.01

2924 (9.07)

1899 (5.89)

< 0.01

4250 (12.11)

2638 (7.52)

< 0.01

5284 (14.92)

3427 (9.68)

< 0.01

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)^a,b

4002 (14.68)

4464 (16.38)

< 0.01

5483 (17)

5749 (17.83)

0.003

6707 (19.11)

6958 (19.82)

0.009

7426 (20.97)

7588 (21.43)

0.098

CHF, n (%)

3605 (13.23)

2985 (10.95)

< 0.01

4347 (13.48)

3323 (10.3)

< 0.01

4792 (13.65)

3763 (10.72)

< 0.01

4871 (13.76)

3759 (10.62)

< 0.01

Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

872 (3.2)

923 (3.39)

0.209

1014 (3.14)

1061 (3.29)

0.281

1025 (2.92)

1227 (3.5)

< 0.01

1105 (3.12)

1270 (3.59)

< 0.01

HD/DP, n (%)^a,b

181 (0.66)

140 (0.51)

0.022

286 (0.89)

190 (0.59)

< 0.01

328 (0.93)

244 (0.70)

< 0.01

399 (1.13)

249 (0.70)

< 0.01

CABG, n (%)^b

222 (0.81)

222 (0.81)

0.905

229 (0.71)

213 (0.66)

0.439

249 (0.71)

241 (0.69)

0.714

242 (0.68)

214 (0.6)

0.188

PCI, n (%)^a,b

2046 (7.51)

2361 (8.66)

< 0.01

4184 (12.97)

4597 (14.25)

< 0.01

5715 (16.28)

6118 (17.43)

< 0.01

6679 (18.86)

7130 (20.14)

< 0.01

Fibrinolysis, n (%)^a,b

1659 (6.09)

1762 (6.46)

0.046

1432 (4.44)

1727 (5.35)

< 0.01

1554 (4.43)

2027 (5.78)

< 0.01

1350 (3.81)

1869 (5.28)

< 0.01

Decompressive craniectomy, n (%)^a,b

32 (0.12)

32 (0.12)

0.603

29 (0.09)

37 (0.11)

0.326

47 (0.13)

71 (0.2)

0.028

56 (0.16)

84 (0.24)

0.017

Carotid endarterectomy, n (%)^a,b

38 (0.14)

47 (0.17)

0.318

37 (0.11)

59 (0.18)

0.026

94 (0.27)

77 (0.22)

0.184

93 (0.26)

83 (0.23)

0.446

Carotid angioplasty, n (%)^a,b

0 (0)

0 (0)

NA

31 (0.1)

26 (0.08)

0.501

68 (0.19)

105 (0.3)

0.005

129 (0.36)

154 (0.43)

0.131

Thoracic aorta aneurysm open surgery, n (%)^a,b

9 (0.03)

9 (0.03)

0.913

23 (0.07)

33 (0.1)

0.127

25 (0.07)

50 (0.14)

0.001

45 (0.13)

51 (0.14)

0.460

TEVAR, n (%)^b

0 (0)

0 (0)

NA

0 (0)

0 (0)

NA

25 (0.07)

16 (0.05)

0.133

37 (0.1)

33 (0.09)

0.600

Abdominal aorta aneurysm open surgery, n (%)

87 (0.32)

96 (0.35)

0.406

112 (0.35)

114 (0.35)

0.881

100 (0.28)

135 (0.38)

0.011

137 (0.39)

156 (0.44)

0.204

EVAR, n (%)^a,b

20 (0.07)

22 (0.08)

0.758

95 (0.29)

78 (0.24)

0.145

234 (0.67)

194 (0.55)

0.019

314 (0.89)

293 (0.83)

0.253

Minor amputation, n (%)^a,b

585 (2.15)

356 (1.31)

< 0.01

626 (1.94)

333 (1.03)

< 0.01

646 (1.84)

345 (0.98)

< 0.01

652 (1.84)

383 (1.08)

< 0.01

Major amputation, n (%)^a,b

594 (2.18)

623 (2.29)

0.337

624 (1.93)

599 (1.86)

0.396

568 (1.62)

544 (1.55)

0.416

500 (1.41)

538 (1.52)

0.183

Lower extremity revascularization, n (%)^a,b

1016 (3.73)

950 (3.49)

0.076

1064 (3.3)

1014 (3.14)

0.209

952 (2.71)

1032 (2.94)

0.038

852 (2.41)

990 (2.8)

< 0.01

Lower extremity angioplasty, n (%)^a,b

378 (1.39)

351 (1.29)

0.289

624 (1.93)

507 (1.57)

< 0.01

1077 (3.07)

840 (2.39)

< 0.01

1456 (4.11)

1144 (3.23)

< 0.01

LHS, mean (SD)^a,b

12.41 (13.28)

11.87 (13.65)

< 0.01

11.51 (12.92)

10.87 (13.21)

< 0.01

10.44 (13.22)

10.22 (14.28)

0.030

9.1 (10.52)

9.08 (11.11)

0.837

In-hospital mortality, n (%)^a,b

3555 (13.04)

3464 (12.71)

0.226

4002 (12.41)

3909 (12.12)

0.242

4134 (11.78)

4066 (11.58)

0.402

3814 (10.77)

3728 (10.53)

0.269