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Table 5 Characteristics, risk factors, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for acute lower limb ischemia admissions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) versus non-diabetic patients, according to year of study (2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014)

From: Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on in-hospital-mortality after major cardiovascular events in Spain (2002–2014)

 

2002

2006

2010

2014

T2DM

No T2DM

p value

T2DM

No T2DM

p value

T2DM

No T2DM

p value

T2DM

No T2DM

p value

N (%)a,b

3854 (100)

3854 (100)

NA

4024 (100)

4024 (100)

NA

4323 (100)

4323 (100)

NA

4548 (100)

4548 (100)

NA

Age adjusted rate per 100.000 inhabitantsa

20.09

NA

NA

19.16

NA

NA

18.96

NA

NA

18.64

NA

NA

Male sex, n (%)

2850 (73.95)

2850 (73.95)

NA

3024 (75.15)

3024 (75.15)

NA

3221 (74.51)

3221 (74.51)

NA

3356 (73.79)

3356 (73.79)

NA

Age, mean (SD)a,b

72.27 (10.54)

72.27 (10.54)

NA

72.49 (10.94)

72.49 (10.94)

NA

72.69 (11.69)

72.69 (11.69)

NA

73.11 (11.84)

73.11 (11.84)

NA

40–59 years, n (%)

524 (13.6)

524 (13.6)

NA

565 (14.04)

565 (14.04)

NA

697 (16.12)

697 (16.12)

NA

690 (15.17)

690 (15.17)

NA

60–69 years, n (%)

851 (22.08)

851 (22.08)

890 (22.12)

890 (22.12)

935 (21.63)

935 (21.63)

1044 (22.96)

1044 (22.96)

70–79 years, n (%)

1470 (38.14)

1470 (38.14)

1409 (35.01)

1409 (35.01)

1291 (29.86)

1291 (29.86)

1205 (26.5)

1205 (26.5)

≥ 80 years, n (%)

1009 (26.18)

1009 (26.18)

1160 (28.83)

1160 (28.83)

1400 (32.38)

1400 (32.38)

1609 (35.38)

1609 (35.38)

CCI, mean (SD)a,b

2.33 (0.82)

1.34 (0.83)

< 0.01

2.42 (0.85)

1.38 (0.89)

< 0.01

2.46 (0.9)

1.43 (0.92)

< 0.01

2.51 (0.86)

1.49 (0.89)

< 0.01

Smoking, n (%)a,b

902 (23.4)

1037 (26.91)

< 0.01

1156 (28.73)

1334 (33.15)

< 0.01

1439 (33.29)

1645 (38.05)

0.000

1625 (35.73)

1908 (41.95)

< 0.01

Obesity, n (%)a,b

82 (2.13)

49 (1.27)

0.004

161 (4)

79 (1.96)

< 0.01

225 (5.2)

126 (2.91)

< 0.01

346 (7.61)

175 (3.85)

< 0.01

Hypertension, n (%)a,b

1719 (44.6)

1293 (33.55)

< 0.01

2286 (56.81)

1595 (39.64)

< 0.01

2626 (60.74)

1950 (45.11)

< 0.01

2763 (60.75)

2172 (47.76)

< 0.01

Lipid metabolism disorders, n (%)a,b

239 (6.2)

114 (2.96)

< 0.01

658 (16.35)

354 (8.8)

< 0.01

1415 (32.73)

818 (18.92)

< 0.01

1875 (41.23)

1218 (26.78)

< 0.01

Renal diseases, n (%)a,b

356 (9.24)

264 (6.85)

< 0.01

514 (12.77)

359 (8.92)

< 0.01

747 (17.28)

514 (11.89)

< 0.01

870 (19.13)

612 (13.46)

< 0.01

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)a,b

474 (12.3)

589 (15.28)

< 0.01

591 (14.69)

615 (15.28)

0.417

722 (16.7)

768 (17.77)

0.160

792 (17.41)

901 (19.81)

0.002

CHF, n (%)a,b

238 (6.18)

223 (5.79)

0.467

291 (7.23)

235 (5.84)

0.011

362 (8.37)

351 (8.12)

0.662

368 (8.09)

355 (7.81)

0.610

Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

23 (0.6)

29 (0.75)

0.406

36 (0.89)

57 (1.42)

0.029

21 (0.49)

49 (1.13)

0.001

29 (0.64)

35 (0.77)

0.447

HD/DP, n (%)a,b

59 (1.53)

48 (1.25)

0.288

50 (1.24)

59 (1.47)

0.389

67 (1.55)

85 (1.97)

0.135

93 (2.04)

83 (1.82)

0.443

Minor amputation, n (%)

577 (14.97)

353 (9.16)

< 0.01

620 (15.41)

333 (8.28)

< 0.01

633 (14.64)

341 (7.89)

< 0.01

645 (14.18)

382 (8.4)

< 0.01

Major amputation, n (%)a,b

584 (15.15)

621 (16.11)

0.217

611 (15.18)

596 (14.81)

0.608

558 (12.91)

538 (12.45)

0.494

489 (10.75)

537 (11.81)

0.090

Lower extremity revascularization, n (%)a,b

910 (23.61)

856 (22.21)

0.130

933 (23.19)

894 (22.22)

0.301

825 (19.08)

900 (20.82)

0.038

749 (16.47)

892 (19.61)

< 0.01

Lower extremity angioplasty, n (%)a,b

347 (9)

319 (8.28)

0.247

570 (14.17)

473 (11.75)

0.001

1034 (23.92)

814 (18.83)

< 0.01

1415 (31.11)

1103 (24.25)

< 0.01

LHS, mean (SD)a,b

16.48 (16.97)

15.24 (15.36)

< 0.01

15.24 (16.38)

13.63 (15.26)

< 0.01

13 (15.57)

12.18 (14.39)

0.008

10.39 (12.03)

10.61 (13.08)

0.384

In-hospital mortality, n (%)b

213 (5.53)

304 (7.89)

< 0.01

255 (6.34)

339 (8.42)

< 0.01

261 (6.04)

311 (7.19)

0.025

249 (5.47)

307 (6.75)

0.010

  1. CCI charlson comorbidity index CHF congestive heart failure, HD/DP hemodyalisis/peritoneal dialysis, LHS length of hospital stay
  2. aSignificant time trend among T2DM sufferers
  3. bSignificant time trend among non-T2DM sufferers