Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the patients. Data presented for the total population and for the groups with or without cardiovascular events during the follow-up
Total population (n = 150) | Cardiovascular event (−) (n = 111) | Cardiovascular event (+) (n = 39) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 69.9 ± 11.0 | 68.7 ± 11.4 | 73.4 ± 9.1 | 0.024 |
Male, % | 60.7 | 57.7 | 69.2 | 0.139 |
HTA, % | 77.3 | 75.7 | 82.1 | 0.280 |
HLP, % | 57.3 | 51.4 | 74.4 | 0.010 |
DM, % | 46.0 | 43.2 | 53.8 | 0.169 |
Smoker, % | 12.7 | 14.4 | 7.7 | 0.323 |
Previous AMI, % | 18.0 | 11.7 | 35.9 | 0.001 |
Aetiology of HF, % | ||||
Ischemic heart disease | 28.0 | 24.6 | 46.2 | 0.001 |
Valvular heart disease | 15.3 | 13.5 | 20.5 | |
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | 4.0 | 2.7 | 7.7 | |
Other causes | 52.7 | 62.2 | 25.6 | |
Systolic pressure, mmHg | 114.9 ± 17.2 | 113.8 ± 17.0 | 118.1 ± 17.6 | 0.184 |
Diastolic pressure, mmHg | 66.4 ± 12.1 | 67.0 ± 11.3 | 64.7 ± 14.1 | 0.322 |
Laboratory data | ||||
Glucose, mg/dL | 131.5 [103.0–177.7] | 126.5 [102.5–176.2] | 140.0 [104.5–192.7] | 0.561 |
NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 2894 [1109–6822] | 2386 [1048–4751] | 6173 [1774–12723] | <0.001 |
Hb, g/dL | 13.2 ± 1.9 | 13.3 ± 1.8 | 12.9 ± 2.2 | 0.249 |
HbA1c, % | 6.1 [5.7–6.8] | 6.1 [5.7–6.7] | 6.1 [5.7–7.2] | 0.430 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 94 [69–121] | 93 [70–124] | 99 [64–120] | 0.641 |
HDLc, mg/dL | 39 [32–49] | 39 [34–49] | 39 [28–50] | 0.432 |
LDLc, mg/dL | 83 [63–106] | 91 [68–112] | 63 [50–79] | <0.001 |
eGFR MDRD, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 74.3 ± 30.0 | 80.1 ± 30.9 | 57.4 ± 19.2 | <0.001 |
Echo- and electro-cardiogram data | ||||
LVEF, % | 42.9 ± 15.6 | 42.9 ± 14.6 | 42.7 ± 18.4 | 0.957 |
LV end-diastolic volume, mL | 156.6 ± 71.0 | 150.4 ± 69.2 | 180.1 ± 74.5 | 0.096 |
Body composition and nutrition | ||||
BMI, kg/m2 | 29.3 [26.1–33.3] | 28.9 [25.9–34.2] | 29.6 [27.1–32.5] | 0.560 |
BF, % | 37.7 ± 9.6 | 37.9 ± 10.0 | 36.9 ± 8.5 | 0.577 |
LMI, kg/m2 | 17.5 ± 3.0 | 17.3 ± 2.9 | 18.1 ± 3.1 | 0.204 |
Visceral fat, g | 1878 ± 1114 | 1836 ± 1102 | 2001 ± 1158 | 0.459 |
CONUT score | 2 [1–4] | 2 [1–4] | 3 [2–5] | 0.056 |
Medication, % | ||||
ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs, % | 89.3 | 91.9 | 82.1 | 0.083 |
β blockers, % | 78.7 | 79.3 | 76.9 | 0.459 |
Ca channel blockers, % | 13.3 | 13.5 | 12.8 | 0.578 |
Statins, % | 64.7 | 58.6 | 82.1 | 0.029 |