The impact of cardiovascular co-morbidities and duration of diabetes on the association between microvascular function and glycaemic control

Table 2 Association between microvascular function and HbA1c after adjustment for duration of DM or comorbidities (CVD and CKD)

	Peak response to acetylcholine			Peak response to sodium nitroprusside
a: After adjustment for age and sex
Standardised beta	−0.160	p < 0.001	Standardised beta	−0.182	p < 0.001
b: After adjustment for age, sex and conventional CVD risk factors (BMI, MAP, total cholesterol and smoking status)
Standardised beta	−0.096	p = 0.008	Standardised beta	−0.135	p < 0.001
c: After adjustment for age, sex, conventional CVD risk factors and complex diabetes (CVD, CKD or the composite)
Standardised beta	−0.099	p = 0.006	Standardised beta	−0.138	p < 0.001
d: After adjustment for age, sex, conventional CVD risk factors and duration of diabetes
Standardised beta	−0.043	p = 0.3	Standardised beta	−0.105	p = 0.02

Standardised beta regression coefficient between microvascular function and HbA1c after adjustment for potential confounders and putative modifiers. The presence of CVD or CKD were given equal weight, the combination of both was doubly weighted
DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVD clinically confirmed cardiovascular disease, CKD chronic kidney disease (defined as an eGFR ≤60 mL/min)

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