Table 2 Glucose and heart rate variability during 24-h and each time-phase in the control group
Parameters | Control (n = 17 in CGM, 18 in Holter ECG) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0700–0700 h (24-h) | 0700–1800 h (day-time) | 1800–0000 h (night-time) | 0000–0700 h (bed-time) | |||||||||
Day 1 | Day 2 | P value | Day 1 | Day 2 | P value | Day 1 | Day 2 | P value | Day 1 | Day 2 | P value | |
Mean glucose (mmol/L) | 7.66 (1.79) | 7.72 (1.85) | 0.758 | 7.91 (2.06) | 7.77 (1.93) | 0.640 | 8.25 (2.24) | 8.50 (2.19) | 0.296 | 6.77 (1.51) | 6.96 (1.67) | 0.508 |
Min glucose (mmol/L) | 5.04 (1.47) | 5.44 (1.35) | 0.245 | 5.38 (1.57) | 5.81 (1.10) | 0.242 | 6.22 (1.53) | 6.35 (1.44) | 0.567 | 5.96 (1.48) | 5.95 (1.72) | 0.963 |
Max glucose (mmol/L) | 11.24 (3.18) | 11.26 (3.26) | 0.969 | 10.62 (3.08) | 10.28 (3.17) | 0.333 | 10.52 (3.18) | 10.85 (3.12) | 0.411 | 7.68 (1.90) | 8.17 (2.13) | 0.189 |
∆ glucose (mmol/L) | 6.21 (3.12) | 5.82 (2.87) | 0.411 | 5.24 (2.84) | 4.47 (2.61) | 0.056 | 4.30 (2.79) | 4.50 (2.83) | 0.453 | 1.72 (1.04) | 2.22 (1.43) | 0.045 |
SD glucose (mmol/L) | 1.45 (0.87) | 1.28 (0.69) | 0.149 | 1.37 (0.85) | 1.12 (0.67) | 0.061 | 1.29 (0.86) | 1.29 (0.87) | 0.939 | 0.46 (0.30) | 0.56 (0.38) | 0.200 |
CV glucose (%) | 18.3 (8.4) | 16.4 (7.5) | 0.175 | 16.3 (9.2) | 13.8 (5.8) | 0.190 | 14.0 (9.3) | 15.0 (10.6) | 0.493 | 8.3 (5.4) | 10.0 (6.9) | 0.200 |
Mean HR (beats/min) | 68 (9) | 70 (10) | 0.002 | 69 (9) | 70 (10) | 0.157 | 66 (9) | 66 (10) | 0.168 | 66 (9) | 66 (10) | 0.400 |
Min HR (beats/min) | 58 (8) | 58 (8) | 0.166 | 61 (10) | 61 (8) | 0.837 | 59 (8) | 59 (9) | 0.949 | 59 (8) | 59 (9) | 0.864 |
Max HR (beats/min) | 89 (14) | 93 (16) | 0.012 | 85 (12) | 89 (15) | 0.152 | 82 (12) | 87 (16) | 0.015 | 82 (12) | 87 (16) | 0.074 |
SDNN (ms) | 99 (35) | 115 (42) | 0.004 | 93 (38) | 98 (30) | 0.384 | 87 (33) | 104 (41) | 0.022 | 76 (30) | 93 (40) | 0.031 |
RMSSD (ms) | 71 (29) | 79 (34) | 0.015 | 80 (40) | 81 (31) | 0.272 | 68 (27) | 76 (36) | 0.130 | 66 (24) | 80 (39) | 0.034 |
Mean LF/HF | 1.11 (0.76) | 1.24 (0.67) | 0.044 | 0.97 (0.75) | 1.21 (0.61) | 0.012 | 1.15 (0.74) | 1.22 (0.70) | 0.312 | 1.28 (0.90) | 1.28 (0.88) | 0.968 |
Min LF/HF | 0.04 (0.07) | 0.08 (0.08) | 0.093 | 0.09 (0.16) | 0.11 (0.10) | 0.608 | 0.13 (0.10) | 0.17 (0.16) | 0.118 | 0.12 (0.12) | 0.12 (0.10) | 0.989 |
Max LF/HF | 6.77 (4.54) | 8.17 (5.91) | 0.188 | 4.18 (2.85) | 6.97 (5.34) | 0.013 | 4.84 (3.10) | 5.78 (4.77) | 0.245 | 6.03 (4.59) | 5.75 (3.84) | 0.618 |