Parameters | Dapagliflozin group | Metformin group | P value |
---|---|---|---|
HbA1c (%) | |||
 Baseline | 6.8 ± 0.5 (37) | 6.9 ± 0.5 (37) | 0.39 |
 Week 16 | 6.5 ± 0.5 (37) | 6.5 ± 0.6 (37) | 0.76 |
 Change | −0.2 ± 0.4 (37) | −0.4 ± 0.3 (37) | 0.09 |
 P value within group | 0.001 | <0.001 |  |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | |||
 Baseline | 50.3 ± 5.5 (37) | 51.4 ± 5.7 (37) | 0.39 |
 Week 16 | 48.0 ± 5.4 (37) | 47.5 ± 6.2 (37) | 0.76 |
 Change | −2.4 ± 4.2 (37) | −3.9 ± 3.5 (37) | 0.09 |
 P value within group | 0.001 | <0.001 |  |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | |||
 Baseline | 133.5 ± 27.1 (37) | 139.6 ± 20.2 (37) | 0.28 |
 Week 16 | 122.5 ± 19.5 (37) | 125.2 ± 20.0 (37) | 0.56 |
 Change | −11.0 ± 20.2 (37) | −14.4 ± 16.9 (37) | 0.44 |
 P value within group | 0.002 | <0.001 |  |
C-peptide (ng/mL) | |||
 Baseline | 2.1 ± 0.8 (37) | 2.3 ± 1.1 (37) | 0.34 |
 Week 16 | 2.0 ± 0.8 (37) | 2.1 ± 1.0 (37) | 0.65 |
 Change | −0.1 ± 0.5 (37) | −0.2 ± 0.5 (37) | 0.29 |
 P value within group | 0.27 | 0.007 |  |
Insulin (μIU/mL) | |||
 Baseline | 8.9 ± 5.5 (37) | 10.3 ± 7.5 (37) | 0.38 |
 Week 16 | 7.3 ± 4.4 (37) | 9.2 ± 7.4 (37) | 0.20 |
 Change | −1.6 ± 3.7 (37) | −1.1 ± 3.8 (37) | 0.58 |
 P value within group | 0.012 | 0.08 |  |
Glucagon (pg/mL) | |||
 Baseline | 164.6 ± 33.5 (37) | 171.6 ± 42.4 (37) | 0.43 |
 Week 16 | 152.9 ± 24.5 (37) | 159.3 ± 36.8 (37) | 0.39 |
 Change | −11.7 ± 31.2 (37) | −12.3 ± 31.6 (37) | 0.93 |
 P value within group | 0.029 | 0.023 |  |
HOMA-IR | |||
 Baseline | 3.1 ± 2.4 (37) | 3.7 ± 3.2 (37) | 0.34 |
 Week 16 | 2.3 ± 1.5 (37) | 3.0 ± 3.0 (37) | 0.16 |
 Change | −0.8 ± 1.9 (37) | −0.7 ± 1.5 (37) | 0.73 |
 P value within group | 0.010 | 0.009 |  |