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Table 2 Odds ratio and 95% confidential interval of cardiometabolic disease risk factors and high CVD risk according to sex-specific LF/TF ratio tertiles in adults

From: Anatomic fat depots and cardiovascular risk: a focus on the leg fat using nationwide surveys (KNHANES 2008–2011)

 

LF/TF ratio

Highest tertile

Second tertile

Lowest tertile

Risk factor

 Obesitya

1 (referent)

3.72 (3.33–4.15)

7.67 (6.81–8.23)

 Central obesityb

1 (referent)

4.29 (3.83–4.82)

9.22 (8.16–10.42)

 Hypertension

1 (referent)

2.05 (1.80–2.34)

3.57 (3.14–4.07)

 Diabetes

1 (referent)

2.88 (2.19–3.78)

8.89 (6.87–11.50)

 Hyper LDL-cholesterolemiac

1 (referent)

2.14 (1.76–2.60)

2.72 (2.23–3.32)

 Hypo HDL-cholesterolemiad

1 (referent)

1.92 (1.76–2.11)

2.91 (2.64–3.22)

 Hypertriglyceridemiae

1 (referent)

3.01 (2.69–3.37)

6.14 (5.46–6.90)

 Metabolic syndrome

1 (referent)

4.06 (3.53–4.67)

11.24 (9.78–12.93)

 Chronic kidney diseasef

1 (referent)

1.97 (1.30–2.99)

2.57 (1.73–3.81)

 Albuminuriag

1 (referent)

2.03 (1.21–3.41)

2.64 (1.57–4.44)

High ACC/AHA ASCVD risk

 Crude

1 (referent)

2.53 (2.25–2.84)

6.25 (5.60–6.98)

 Model 1

1 (referent)

1.95 (1.56–2.44)

3.69 (2.98–4.57)

 Model 2

1 (referent)

1.65 (1.30–2.08)

2.91 (2.31–3.66)

 Model 3

1 (referent)

1.26 (0.92–1.71)

1.85 (1.36–2.52)

High Framingham CVD risk

 Crude

1 (referent)

2.48 (2.16–2.84)

6.32 (5.56–7.18)

 Model 1

1 (referent)

1.96 (1.61–2.39)

4.09 (3.39–4.94)

 Model 2

1 (referent)

1.70 (1.38–2.09)

3.21 (2.63–3.92)

 Model 3

1 (referent)

1.43 (1.07–1.91)

2.37 (1.79–3.15)

High Korean CHD risk

 Crude

1 (referent)

3.43 (2.30–5.13)

7.98 (5.48–11.63)

 Model 1

1 (referent)

2.47 (1.59–3.82)

4.08 (2.69–6.17)

 Model 2

1 (referent)

2.39 (1.52–3.75)

3.64 (2.37–5.60)

 Model 3

1 (referent)

1.94 (1.11–3.38)

2.57 (1.52–4.37)

  1. Risk factors are adjusted for age, sex, exercise, smoking, and alcohol drinking
  2. Model 1: adjusted for age, and sex
  3. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, exercise, smoking, alcohol drink, and BMI
  4. Model 3: adjusted for age, sex, exercise, smoking, alcohol drink, BMI, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, hyper LDL-cholesterolemia, eGFR, and menopause
  5. a Obesity was defined BMI ≥25 kg/m2
  6. b Central obesity was defined waist circumference ≥90 cm in men, ≥85 cm in women
  7. c Hyper LDL-cholesterolemia was characterized as calculated LDL cholesterol ≥160 mg/dL
  8. d Hypo HDL-cholesterolemia was defined as serum HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dL for men, and <50 mg/dL for women
  9. e Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL or taking triglyceride lowering agents
  10. f Chronic kidney disease was defined if subjects had an eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2
  11. g Albuminuria was characterized urine albumin-creatinine ratio >30 mg/g or urine protein ≥2 positive. The LF/TF ratio tertile was newly categorized in 819 subjects with urine test results
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840