Table 2 Baseline echocardioraphic parameters of the study participants developing or not developing type 2 diabetes at the follow-up
Variable | Total (n = 1817) | Not developing type 2 diabetes (n = 1544) | Developing type 2 diabetes (n = 273) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
LA volume index (mL/m2) | 26.2 ± 6.3 | 26.1 ± 6.3 | 26.7 ± 6.4 | 0.181 |
Relative wall thickness | 0.37 ± 0.06 | 0.36 ± 0.06 | 0.39 ± 0.07 | <0.001 |
LV mass (g) | 150 ± 37 | 149 ± 37 | 158 ± 38 | <0.001 |
LV mass index (g/m2) | 87.3 ± 16.6 | 86.7 ± 16.4 | 91.2 ± 17.0 | <0.001 |
LV hypertrophy (%) | 13.9 | 13.1 | 18.7 | 0.017 |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 65.0 ± 4.5 | 65.1 ± 4.5 | 64.7 ± 4.5 | 0.235 |
Mitral inflow velocity | ||||
 E, cm/s | 0.68 ± 0.15 | 0.68 ± 0.15 | 0.66 ± 0.15 | 0.039 |
 A, cm/s | 0.63 ± 0.17 | 0.62 ± 0.17 | 0.70 ± 0.18 | <0.001 |
 E/A ratio | 1.15 ± 0.36 | 1.17 ± 0.37 | 0.99 ± 0.30 | <0.001 |
 DT, ms | 195 ± 47 | 195 ± 47 | 200 ± 47 | 0.091 |
Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) | ||||
 TDI Sm velocity (cm/s) | 7.68 ± 1.29 | 7.70 ± 1.29 | 7.47 ± 1.27 | 0.018 |
 TDI Em velocity (cm/s) | 7.57 ± 1.83 | 7.67 ± 1.80 | 7.47 ± 1.70 | <0.001 |
E/Em ratio | 9.31 ± 2.62 | 9.19 ± 2.55 | 10.23 ± 3.00 | <0.001 |
LV diastolic dysfunction (%) | 37.5 | 34.6 | 54.2 | <0.001 |