Table 1 Characteristics of the study population at 5 year follow-up
From: Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
Non-GDM | GDM | |
|---|---|---|
N = | 241 | 31 |
Follow-up time | 4.8 (4.4, 5.4) | 5.0 (4.5, 5.4) |
Age (years) | 37.5 ± 3.8 | 38.6 ± 3.8 |
Height (cm) | 169 ± 6 | 168 ± 5 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 (20.9, 25.2) | 24.1 (21.7, 28.1)* |
Primipara n (%) | 217 (90.0) | 25 (80.6) |
Family history heart disease n | 137 (57.3) | 22 (75.9) |
Family history diabetes n (%) | 74 (30.7) | 13 (41.9) |
Currently smoking n (%) | 38 (20.4) | 9 (39.1)* |
Previous smoker n (%) | 55 (27.1) | 8 (36.4) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 110 (100, 120) | 110 (100, 130) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70 (60, 74) | 70 (65, 80) |
Insulin sensitivity | 275 (196, 377) | 210 (126, 304)** |
Insulin resistance | 0.67 (0.44, 0.97) | 0.96 (0.48, 1.33)* |
Β-cell function | 1049 (816, 1373) | 712 (559, 1247)** |
TG/HDL-C ratio | 0.46 (0.36, 0.63) | 0.65 (0.45, 1.03)** |
LDL/HDL-C ratio | 1.65 (1.25, 2.04) | 2.00 (1.62, 2.48)* |
ApoB/ApoA ratio | 0.44 (0.36, 0.53) | 0.53 (0.42, 0.62)* |