Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of subjects global and stratified by gender

From: Association of metabolic syndrome and its components with arterial stiffness in Caucasian subjects of the MARK study: a cross-sectional trial

Variables

Global (n = 2351)

Males (n = 1450)

Females (n = 901)

p value

Age, (years)

61.4 ± 7.7

61.2 ± 8.1

61.8 ± 7.0

0.044

Smoking, n (%)

659 (28.1)

455 (31.4)

204 (22.7)

<0.001

BMI, (kg/m2)

29.2 ± 4.4

29.1 ± 3.9

29.5 ± 5.1

0.016

BMI ≥ 30, n (%)

850 (36.2)

485 (33.4)

365 (40.5)

0.001

WC, (cm)

100.9 ± 11.6

102.9 ± 10.5

97.6 ± 12.5

<0.001

SBP, (mmHg)

137.0 ± 17.4

138.9 ± 17.1

134.1 ± 17.5

<0.001

DBP, (mmHg)

84.4 ± 10.2

85.5 ± 10.3

82.6 ± 9.6

<0.001

Hypertension, n (%)

1842 (78.3)

1163 (80.2)

679 (75.4)

0.006

Antihypertensive drugs, n (%)

1208 (51.4)

733 (50.6)

475 (52.7)

0.309

Total Cholesterol, (mg/dl)

225.7 ± 41.0

220.6 ± 38.0

233.9 ± 42.8

<0.001

LDL-C, (mg/dl)

140.4 ± 34.9

138.9 ± 34.2

142.7 ± 35.8

0.010

HDL Cholesterol, (mg/dl)

49.8 ± 12.9

47.9 ± 11.9

52.9 ± 13.8

<0.001

TGC, (mg/dl)

145.7 ± 97.0

150.5 ± 106.7

138.0 ± 78.2

0.002

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

1583 (67.3)

924 (63.7)

659 (73.1)

<0.001

Lipid lowering drugs, n (%)

673 (28.6)

392 (27.0)

281 (31.2)

0.031

FPG, (mg/dl)

107.7 ± 34.4

107.4 ± 33.5

108.0 ± 35.9

0.711

HA1c, (%)

6.1 ± 1.2

6.1 ± 1.1

6.2 ± 1.3

0.001

Diabetes mellitus type 2, n (%)

794 (33.8)

464 (32.0)

330 (36.6)

0.022

Antidiabetic drugs, n (%)

477 (20.3)

270 (18.6)

207 (23.0)

0.015

Higher blood pressure, n (%)

1986 (84.5)

1253 (86.4)

733 (81.4)

0.001

Higher FPG, n (%)

1112 (47.3)

693 (47.8)

419 (46.5)

0.552

Lower HDL-C, n (%)

791(33.6)

357 (24.6)

434 (48.2)

<0.001

Higher TGC, n (%)

839 (35.7)

545 (37.6)

294 (32.6)

0.015

Higher WC, n (%)

1478 (62.9)

762 (52.6)

716 (79.5)

<0.001

Metabolic syndrome, n (%)

1220 (51.9)

667 (46.0)

553 (61.4)

<0.001

CAVI

8.80 ± 1.17

8.91 ± 1.19

8.65 ± 1.12

<0.001

CAVI ≥ 9, n (%)

1061 (45.1)

701 (49.6)

360 (41.3)

0.001

baPWV, (m/s)

14.87 ± 2.57

14.81 ± 2.56

14.98 ± 2.59

0.119

baPWV ≥ 17.50 m/s, n (%)

324 (13.8)

192 (13.2)

132 (13.9)

0.356

  1. Values are means (standard deviations (SD) for continuous data and number and proportions for categorical data
  2. Metabolic syndrome: Three or more of the following criteria: (Abdominal obesity = Higher WC: waist circumference ≥88 in females and ≥102 in males. Higher blood pressure: SBP ≥130 mmHg and/or DBP ≥85 mmHg or antihypertensive drug treatment. Higher FPG: FPG >100 mg/dl or antidiabetic drug treatment. Lower HDL cholesterol: HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dl in males and <50 mg/dl in females. Higher triglycerides: TGC >150 mg/dl)
  3. BMI body mass index; WC waist circumference; SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP diastolic blood pressure; LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TGC triglycerides; FPG fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin; CAVI cardio-ankle vascular index; baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
  4. p value differences in male and females
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840