|
Variables
|
All (n = 559)
|
Vitamin D > 15 ng/ml (n = 250)
|
Vitamin D ≤ 15 ng/ml (n = 309)
|
|---|
|
r
|
P
|
r
|
P
|
r
|
P
|
|---|
|
Obesity traits
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
0.033
|
0.435
|
0.024
|
0.708
|
0.044
|
0.442
|
|
WC (cm)
|
0.014
|
0.736
|
−0.034
|
0.593
|
0.064
|
0.270
|
|
Percent body fat
|
−0.004
|
0.917
|
−0.012
|
0.856
|
0.002
|
0.978
|
|
Pressures (mmHg)
|
|
SBP
|
0.026
|
0.537
|
−0.119
|
0.063
|
0.163**
|
0.004
|
|
DBP
|
0.075
|
0.079
|
−0.041
|
0.519
|
0.186**
|
0.001
|
|
Lipids (mmol/l)
|
|
TC
|
0.155***
|
<0.001
|
0.048
|
0.456
|
0.271***
|
<0.001
|
|
TGa
|
0.096*
|
0.024
|
−0.001
|
0.993
|
0.170**
|
0.003
|
|
LDL-C
|
0.134**
|
0.002
|
0.018
|
0.780
|
0.247***
|
<0.001
|
|
HDL-C
|
0.022
|
0.611
|
0.076
|
0.236
|
−0.013
|
0.818
|
|
Glucose and insulin-related traits
|
|
Glucose0 (mmol/l)
|
0.041
|
0.331
|
0.048
|
0.456
|
0.036
|
0.531
|
|
Glucose30 (mmol/l)
|
0.070
|
0.109
|
0.018
|
0.786
|
0.107
|
0.067
|
|
Glucose120 (mmol/l)
|
0.074
|
0.090
|
−0.044
|
0.504
|
0.140*
|
0.016
|
|
HbA1c (%)
|
0.119**
|
0.005
|
0.074
|
0.246
|
0.161**
|
0.005
|
|
Insulin0 (mU/L)a
|
−0.025
|
0.551
|
−0.145*
|
0.023
|
0.079
|
0.173
|
|
Insulin30 (mU/L)a
|
−0.043
|
0.321
|
−0.097
|
0.138
|
0.003
|
0.953
|
|
Insulin120 (mU/L)a
|
−0.058
|
0.183
|
−0.153*
|
0.019
|
0.040
|
0.498
|
|
HOMA-IRa
|
−0.016
|
0.709
|
−0.133*
|
0.038
|
0.084
|
0.144
|
|
ISI
aM
|
0.040
|
0.360
|
0.154*
|
0.019
|
−0.063
|
0.287
|
|
IGIa
|
−0.083
|
0.060
|
−0.092
|
0.165
|
−0.077
|
0.192
|
|
DIOa
|
−0.059
|
0.183
|
0.019
|
0.773
|
−0.133*
|
0.025
|
|
Hepatic and renal-related traits
|
|
AST (IU/L)a
|
0.040
|
0.345
|
0.068
|
0.289
|
0.020
|
0.723
|
|
ALT (IU/L)a
|
0.043
|
0.317
|
0.009
|
0.894
|
0.087
|
0.131
|
|
Creatinine (mg/dL)a
|
0.228***
|
<0.001
|
0.144*
|
0.024
|
0.319***
|
<0.001
|
|
Uric acid (mg/dL)a
|
0.136**
|
0.001
|
0.118
|
0.065
|
0.165**
|
0.004
|
|
Adipokines
|
|
FGF21 (pg/ml)a
|
0.004
|
0.933
|
−0.063
|
0.336
|
0.058
|
0.324
|
|
Adiponectin (μg/mL)a
|
0.086*
|
0.044
|
0.039
|
0.545
|
0.142*
|
0.013
|
|
Vitamin D (ng/ml)a
|
−0.196***
|
<0.001
|
−0.069
|
0.306
|
−0.265***
|
<0.001
|
- Values in italics are significant at P < 0.05
-
BMI body mass index; WC waist circumference; SBP Systolic blood pressure; DBP Diastolic blood pressure; TC total cholesterol; TG triglycerides; LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; ISI
M
insulin sensitivity Matsuda index; IGI insulinogenesis index; DIO oral disposition index; AST Aspartate transaminase; ALT Alanine aminotransferase; FGF21 fibroblast growth factor 21
-
aSkewed distributions were natural logarithmically transformed. Vitamin D was adjusting for visiting season. r: Partial Correlation Coefficients
- * P ≤ 0.05
- ** P ≤ 0.01
- *** P ≤ 0.001
