Skin autofluorescence predicts cardio-renal outcome in type 1 diabetes: a longitudinal study

Table 3 Relationships between skin autofluorescence and increased AER after 4 years of follow-up in subjects with type 1 diabetes

	Univariate analysis OR (CI 95 %)	p	Multivariate analysis OR (CI 95 %) with adjustment for history of AER: N = 168	p
SAF	1.44 (0.70–2.97)	0.32	0.35 (0.10–1.21)	0.10
Age	1.04 (1.01–1.07)	0.005	1.043 (1.00–1.09)	0.07
Sex	0.99 (0.45–2.19)	0.98	1.73 (0.51–5.89)	0.38
BMI^a	1.08 (0.98–1.19)	0.11	0.98 (0.85–1.13)	0.78
Arterial hypertension	4.63 (1.88–11.42)	0.0009	1.61 (0.45–5.72)	0.46
Duration of diabetes	1.03 (1.00–1.06)	0.057	1.02 (0.97–1.06)	0.48
HbA1c^a	1.05 (0.70–1.58)	0.80	1.08 (0.63–1.85)	0.79
Tobacco^a	1.07 (0.42–2.71)	0.90	3.60 (0.93–13.94)	0.06
Albumin excretion rate ≥30 mg/24 h^a	19.09 (7.27–50.13)	<0.0001	16.68 (4.38–63.66)	<0.0001
eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m² at baseline^a	9.67 (3.66–25.54)	<0.0001	7.02 (1.55–31.77)	0.01
MVE at baseline	4.72 (1.50–14.80)	0.0078	3.12 (0.56–17.37)	0.19

SAF skin autofluorescence; CKD chronic kidney disease; MVE macrovascular events
^aMissing data: BMI (n = 10); HbA_1c (n = 1); tobacco (n = 13); albumin excretion rate (n = 6); eGFR (n = 7)

ISSN: 1475-2840