Skin autofluorescence predicts cardio-renal outcome in type 1 diabetes: a longitudinal study

Table 2 Relationships between skin autofluorescence and impaired eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m²) after 4 years of follow-up in subjects with type 1 diabetes

	Univariate analysis OR (CI 95 %)	p	Multivariate analysis OR (CI 95 %) with adjustment for history of impaired eGFR <60 ml: N = 186	p
SAF	4.60 (2.11–10.00)	<0.0001	7.42 (1.59–34.65)	0.01
Age	1.05 (1.02–1.09)	0.002	1.03 (0.96–1.09)	0.43
Sex	0.94 (0.40–2.20)	0.89	1.06 (0.21–5.33)	0.95
BMI^a	1.13 (1.02–1.25)	0.016	1.18 (0.99–1.41)	0.06
Arterial hypertension	4.56 (1.74–11.95)	0.002	6.29 (0.86–46.11)	0.07
Duration of diabetes	1.04 (1.01–1.07)	0.013	1.01 (0.95–1.07)	0.78
HbA1c^a	0.86 (0.53–1.39)	0.55	0.80 (0.41–1.58)	0.52
Tobacco^a	0.61 (0.20–1.88)	0.39	0.91 (0.15–5.40)	0.92
Albumin excretion rate ≥30 mg/24 h^a	7.30 (2.87–18.57)	<0.0001	3.14 (0.56–17.61)	0.19
eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m² at baseline^a	55.93 (18.17–172.18)	0.035	48.04 (8.84–261.07)	<0.0001
History of MVE at baseline	3.37 (1.09–10.42)	<0.0001	0.40 (0.06–2.90)	0.37

^aMissing data: BMI (n = 10); HbA_1c (n = 1); tobacco (n = 13); albumin excretion rate (n = 6); eGFR (n = 7); EpiCKD (n = 30)

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