Acute blood glucose fluctuation enhances rat aorta endothelial cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in vivo

Table 1 Potencies and efficacies of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (Ach) in rat aorta

Parameter	SAL	CHG	AFG
Ach potency (−log EC₅₀)	7.9 ± 0.05	7.8 ± 0.06	7.2 ± 0.08*
Ach efficacy (max, relaxation, %)	98 ± 1.2	96 ± 2.4	75 ± 1.8*

SAL (SAL group rats underwent 48 h infusions with saline); CHG (CHG group rats underwent 48 h infusions with 50 % glucose continually to keep the glucose concentration at 20 ± 0.5 mmol/l); AFG (AFG group rats underwent 48 h infusions with 50 % glucose intermittently so that blood glucose alternated between 5.5 ± 0.5 and 20 ± 0.5 mmol/l). Data are mean ± SD. n = 10/group. * P < 0.05 vs SAL

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