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Table 2 Aortic stiffness, LV mass, endothelial dysfunction and sleep apnea by age and sex among Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas

From: Beyond type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypertension: an axis including sleep apnea, left ventricular hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction, and aortic stiffness among Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas

Men

Aortic stiffnessa

LV mass/height2.7a

Endothelial dysfunctiona

Sleep apneaa

n

PWV ≥ 12 m/s %

n

Mild

49–55 %

Moderate

56–63 %

Severe

≥64 %

n

RHI < 1.67 %

N

Moderate %

Severe %

30–39

24

2.1

37

4.8

4.8

1.2

39

54.1

44

15.8

16.7

40–49

53

8.3

59

11.9

3.2

1.8

64

43.1

64

21.0

21.1

50–59

67

31.7

66

23.5

8.8

6.5

72

52.4

81

27.3

33.0

60–69

41

54.7

38

10.5

8.2

3.5

52

56.2

52

31.3

9.5

70+

16

39.7

24

31.9

11.3

20.3

24

21.6

24

6.8

36.5

Totals

201

22.3b

224

15.3b

7.0b

5.7b

251

48.6b

265

22.4b

22.8b

Women

Aortic stiffnessa

LV mass/height2.7a

Endothelial dysfunctiona

Sleep apneaa

n

PWV ≥ 12 %

n

Mild

45–51 %

Moderate

52–58 %

Severe

≥59 %

n

RHI < 1.67 %

N

15 ≤ AHI < 30 %

AHI ≥ 30 or CPAP %

30–39

106

1.1

114

9.1

2.6

3.6

128

30.5

132

7.9

3.7

40–49

151

4.9

147

15.5

5.8

6.6

174

19.2

196

15.9

5.8

50–59

167

20.8

148

23.2

13.0

11.3

183

24.0

202

21.4

17.2

60–69

62

44.5

59

26.8

18.5

24.8

69

21.9

84

33.4

18.1

70+

41

65.4

41

48.5

6.7

20.2

48

19.1

65

31.6

17.9

Totals

527

16.0b

509

17.8b

8.2b

9.7b

602

23.6b

679

17.9b

10.9

p value

 

0.216

 

0.172

0.308

0.003

 

0.000

 

0.356

0.000

♂vs♀ and ORc

 

1.30

 

0.75

0.73

0.36

 

3.24

 

1.18

2.42

  1. aFrequencies in those with and without type 2 diabetes were weighted according to the age- and sex-specific population distributions of diabetes and no diabetes
  2. bPopulation frequency among those 20 and above adjusted to the 2010 Census by the direct method
  3. cp value based on Mantel–Haenszel Chi square testing for difference by sex after controlling for age effects. OR is the Mantel–Haenszel adjusted odds ratio