|
Outcome
|
Palaeolithic diet
|
Diabetes diet
|
Delta diets
|
p
a
|
|---|
|
Adiponectin (µg/ml)
|
5.2 ± 4.4 (2.5 to 7.9)
|
5.7 ± 5.4 (2.5 to 9.1)
|
−0.5 ± 1.2 (−1.3 to 0.2)
|
0.153
|
|
Adipsin (ng/ml)
|
787 ± 182 (677 to 896)
|
776 ± 153 (684 to 869)
|
10 ± 79 (−37 to 58)
|
0.650
|
|
C-peptide (pg/ml)
|
455 ± 224 (319 to 590)
|
412 ± 204 (289 to 535)
|
43 ± 262 (−116 to 201)
|
0.644
|
|
Ghrelin (pg/ml)
|
540 ± 97 (481 to 598)
|
566 ± 145 (478 to 654)
|
−26 ± 74 (−70 to 18)
|
0.226
|
|
GIP (pg/ml)
|
254 ± 266 (93 to 415)
|
186 ± 75 (141 to 232)
|
68 ± 264 (−92 to 227)
|
0.600b
|
|
GLP-1 (pg/ml)
|
27 ± 9.3 (22 to 33)
|
27 ± 3.7 (25 to 29)
|
0.4 ± 7.7 (−4.3 to 5.12)
|
0.235b
|
|
Glucagon (pg/ml)
|
409 ± 40 (385 to 433)
|
431 ± 51 (400 to 463)
|
−22 ± 43 (−48 to 3.9)
|
0.089
|
|
Insulin (pg/ml)
|
248 ± 138 (165 to 332)
|
336 ± 327 (138 to 533)
|
−87 ± 240 (−232 to 58)
|
0.266
|
|
Insulinc (pg/ml)
|
401 ± 174 (296 to 506)
|
391 ± 115 (322 to 461)
|
9.8 ± 172 (−94 to 114)
|
0.840
|
|
Leptin (ng/ml)
|
5.1 ± 4.9 (2.1 to 8.0)
|
7.4 ± 8.3 (2.4 to 12)
|
−2.3 ± 4.6 (−5.1 to 0.4)
|
0.023
b
|
|
Resistin (ng/ml)
|
2.5 ± 0.9 (1.9 to 3.0)
|
2.3 ± 0.6 (2.0 to 2.7)
|
0.2 ± 0.6 (−0.2 to 0.5)
|
0.356
|
|
Visfatin (ng/ml)
|
2.4 ± 0.7 (2.0 to 2.9)
|
2.5 ± 0.6 (2.1 to 2.8)
|
−0.1 ± 0.5 (−0.3 to 0.3)
|
0.906
|
|
Weight (kg)
|
81 ± 13 (74 to 88)
|
84 ± 15 (76 to 92)
|
−3.3 ± 3.8 (−5.7 to −1.0)
|
0.008
|
- Data are mean ± standard deviation (95 % CI)
- Significance tests are paired t test for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank sum test for non-normally distributed data
- Significant p values are indicated by italics font
-
GIP glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1
-
a
p for difference between diets
-
bData non-normally distributed (Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank sum test)
-
cOld insulin values previously published
