Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Sex male/female (n)

10/3

4/2

6/1

Age (years)

64 (6)

63 (6)

66 (6)

Height (cm)

171 (5)

170 (6)

172 (4)

Weight (kg)

87 (17)

92 (20)

82 (13)

BMI (kg/m²)

30 (7)

32 (8)

28 (4)

Waist circumference (cm)

103 (14)

109 (17)

97 (9)

Diabetes duration (years)

8 (5)

11 (6)

6 (4)

Diabetic values at OGTT yes/no (n)

12/1

6/0

6/1

Lipid lowering drug (=statin) yes/no (n)

8/5

4/2

4/3

Drugs per day

4.3 (2.3)

3.7 (1.8)

4.9 (2.7)

Antihypertensive drugs per day

1.5 (1.5)

1.2 (1.2)

1.9 (1.7)

 Beta-blocker yes/no (n)


4/9

1/5

3/4

 Thiazide yes/no (n)


4/9

1/5

3/4

 ACE inhibitor yes/no (n)


5/8

2/4

3/4

 Angiotensin-II receptor blocker yes/no (n)

4/9

2/4

2/5

 Calcium channel blocker yes/no (n)

3/10

1/5

2/5

Anti-diabetic drugs per day

1.2 (0.9)

1.5 (0.8)

0.9 (0.9)

 Metformin yes/no (n)

9/4

5/1

4/3

 Dosage, mg/day

1031 (864)

1283 (950)

814 (790)

 Sulphonylurea yes/no (n)

3/10

2/4

1/6

 Thiazolidinedione yes/no (n)

3/10

2/4

1/6

Plasma adiponectin (µg/ml)

4.8 (4.16)

4.8 (2.5)

4.9 (5.4)

Plasma adipsin (ng/ml)

797 (157)

804 (218)

792 (178)

Plasma C-peptide (pg/ml)

487 (275)

437 (276)

531 (289)

Plasma ghrelin (pg/ml)

568 (129)

613 (165)

530 (82)

Plasma GIP (pg/ml)

232 (91.6)

226 (83)

237 (105)

Plasma GLP-1 (pg/ml)

26.8 (3.39)

26.4 (4.5)

27.1 (2.4)

Plasma glucagon (pg/ml)

425 (44.34)

435 (52.4)

417 (38.4)

Plasma leptin (ng/ml)

9.84 (12.18)

12.1 (17)

7.9 (6.8)

Plasma resistin (ng/ml)

2.21 (0.39)

2.3 (0.4)

2.1 (0.4)

Plasma visfatin (ng/ml)

2.52 (0.75)

2.7 (0.5)

2.4 (0.7)