Table 4 Distribution of anthropometric and biological variables according to birth weight, women, multivariate adjusted

Anthropometry^a

 Height (cm)

161 ± 1

164 ± 1

165 ± 1

166 ± 1

<0.001

 Weight (kg)

64.5 ± 1

64.7 ± 0.4

69.2 ± 0.8

69.8 ± 1.1

<0.001

 BMI (kg/m²)

24.8 ± 0.4

24.1 ± 0.2

25.4 ± 0.3

25.4 ± 0.4

<0.001

 Waist circumference (cm)

83.1 ± 0.9

81.0.0 ± 0.4

83.5 ± 0.7

83.9 ± 1.1

0.002

 Fat (% of body weight)

33.8 ± 0.6

32.5 ± 0.2

33.6 ± 0.5

33.2 ± 0.6

0.061

 Fat mass (kg)

22.4 ± 0.7

21.6 ± 0.3

24.1 ± 0.6

23.8 ± 0.8

<0.001

 Normal weight

0.70 (0.50–0.98)

1 (ref.)

0.66 (0.50–0.88)

0.59 (0.40–0.86)

 Abdominal obesity

1.35 (0.94–1.94)

1 (ref.)

1.40 (1.03–1.90)

1.67 (1.12–2.49)

–

Adipokines

 Leptin (ng/dL)^a

17.8 ± 0.9

15.5 ± 0.4

16.9 ± 0.7

16.0 ± 1.1

0.357^§

 Leptin (ng/dL)^b

16.9 ± 0.6

16.3 ± 0.3

15.8 ± 0.5

13.8 ± 0.8

0.008^§

 Leptin (ng/dL)^c

16.7 ± 0.7

16.1 ± 0.3

16.1 ± 0.6

14.4 ± 0.8

0.147^§

 Leptin (ng/dL)^d

17.3 ± 0.7

16.2 ± 0.3

15.6 ± 0.5

14.0 ± 0.8

0.012^§

 Leptin/fat mass ratio^b

0.77 ± 0.04

0.73 ± 0.02

0.69 ± 0.03

0.62 ± 0.04

0.029

 Adiponectin (µg/dL)^a

11.6 ± 0.7

12.3 ± 0.3

11.9 ± 0.5

12.2 ± 0.8

0.560^§

 Adiponectin (µg/dL)^b

11.8 ± 0.7

12.1 ± 0.3

12.2 ± 0.5

12.5 ± 0.8

0.433^§

 Adiponectin (µg/dL)^c

11.9 ± 0.7

12.1 ± 0.3

12.2 ± 0.5

12.5 ± 0.8

0.594^§

 Adiponectin (µg/dL)^d

11.7 ± 0.6

12.1 ± 0.3

12.2 ± 0.5

12.5 ± 0.8

0.406^§

Markers of glucose homeostasis

 Fasting Glucose (mmol/L)^{b, e}

5.37 ± 0.05

5.28 ± 0.02

5.26 ± 0.04

5.18 ± 0.06

0.115

 Fasting Insulin (μU/mL)^{b, e}

8.2 ± 0.4

7.5 ± 0.2

8.0 ± 0.3

6.5 ± 0.4

0.012

 HOMA^{b, e}

1.99 ± 0.1

1.83 ± 0.04

1.95 ± 0.08

1.50 ± 0.12

0.006

 Diabetes^b

2.43 (1.02–5.79)

1 (ref.)

0.75 (0.27–2.12)

1.40 (0.50–3.98)

–

 Diabetes^c

2.38 (0.97–5.84)

1 (ref.)

0.89 (0.32–2.48)

1.86 (0.65–5.29)

–

 Diabetes^d

2.70 (1.13–6.45)

1 (ref.)

0.71 (0.25–2.03)

1.17 (0.38–3.55)

–

 High HOMA^b

1.32 (0.83–2.12)

1 (ref.)

0.81 (0.51–1.28)

0.63 (0.33–1.19)

–

 Metabolic syndrome^a

1.75 (1.15–2.68)

1 (ref.)

1.12 (0.74–1.69)

1.05 (0.62–1.79)

–