Skip to main content

Table 3 Distribution of anthropometric and biological variables according to birth weight, men, unadjusted

From: Low birth weight leads to obesity, diabetes and increased leptin levels in adults: the CoLaus study

 

Birth weight categories (kg)

p value

−2.5] (n = 73)

]2.5–3.5] (n = 556)

]3.5–4.0] (n = 266)

]4.0+ (n = 193)

Anthropometry

 Height (cm)

175 ± 1a, c

175 ± 1a

178 ± 1b, c

179 ± 1b

<0.001

 Weight (kg)

80.8 ± 1.5a, c

80.0 ± 0.6a

84.5 ± 0.8b, c

87.0 ± 0.9b

<0.001

 BMI (kg/m2)

26.3 ± 0.5a

26.0 ± 0.2a

26.8 ± 0.2b

27.2 ± 0.3b

<0.001

 Waist circumference (cm)

94.8 ± 1.3a, b

93.8 ± 0.5b

95.9 ± 0.7a, b

97.4 ± 0.8a

<0.001

 Fat (% of body weight)

23.5 ± 0.7

22.5 ± 0.3

23.2 ± 0.4

23.6 ± 0.4

0.089

 Fat mass (kg)

19.3 ± 0.9a, b

18.4 ± 0.3b

20.1 ± 0.5a, b

21.0 ± 0.5a

<0.001

BMI categories (%)

    

0.004

 Normal

28 (38.4)

248 (44.6)

99 (37.2)

54 (28.0)

 

 Overweight

33 (45.2)

236 (42.5)

120 (45.1)

102 (52.9)

 

 Obesity

12 (16.4)

72 (13.0)

47 (17.7)

37 (19.2)

 

Abdominal obesity (%)

15 (20.6)

124 (22.3)

68 (25.6)

62 (32.1)

0.043

Adipokines

 Leptin (ng/dL)

10.0 ± 1.0

8.6 ± 0.4

8.2 ± 0.5

8.7 ± 0.6

0.635§

 Leptin/fat mass ratio

0.46 ± 0.05

0.45 ± 0.02

0.39 ± 0.02

0.38 ± 0.03

0.097

 Adiponectin (μg/dL)

8.1 ± 0.7

7.2 ± 0.2

7.1 ± 0.4

7.3 ± 0.4

0.848§

Markers of glucose homeostasis

 Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

5.80 ± 0.14

5.64 ± 0.05

5.67 ± 0.07

5.60 ± 0.08

0.655

 Fasting insulin (μU/mL)

10.0 ± 0.9

9.5 ± 0.3

9.0 ± 0.5

9.5 ± 0.5

0.745

 HOMA

2.79 ± 0.3

2.45 ± 0.11

2.42 ± 0.15

2.50 ± 0.18

0.712

 Diabetes (%)

9 (12.3)

33 (5.9)

17 (6.4)

11 (5.7)

0.202

 High HOMA (%)

18 (29.5)

139 (29.8)

63 (27.9)

46 (27.7)

0.938

 Metabolic syndrome (%)

17 (23.3)

134 (24.1)

64 (24.1)

61 (31.6)

0.183

  1. Results are expressed as number of people and (column percentage) or as average ± standard deviation. Normal weight was defined as a body mass index <25 kg/m2; abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference ≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm in men. Statistical analysis by Chi square for categorical variables and by ANOVA for continuous variables. For continuous variables, post hoc pairwise comparisons using the method of Scheffe were performed when the results of the ANOVA were statistically significant; results with a different subscript are significantly different at p < 0.05 (corrected for multiple comparisons)
  2. §Statistical analysis performed on log-transformed data