Diabetic n = 581 | Prediabetic n = 364 | Non-diabetic n = 57 | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years old) | 60.78 ± 8.67* | 58.41 ± 9.28* | 54.68 ± 8.39* | 0.005 |
BMI | 31.73 ± 4.54* | 30.57 ± 4.26* | 28.1 ± 4.54* | 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 107.14 ± 11.69* | 103.32 ± 19.88* | 96.59 ± 10* | 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 7.19 ± 1.26* | 5.96 ± 0.28* | 5.39 ± 0.21* | 0.001 |
AST (mg/dL) | 24.72 ± 16.67 | 26.31 ± 13.16 | 24 ± 6.37 | 0.219 |
ALT (mg/dL) | 27.96 ± 23.73 | 28.58 ± 16.52 | 27.28 ± 13.88 | 0.136 |
Fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) | 144.88 ± 72.72* | 124.76 ± 62.81 | 105.75 ± 62,22 | 0.040 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 2.76 ± 2.13 | 2.08 ± 1.86 | 1.61 ± 1.46 | 0.090 |
Insulin (mU/L) | 12.51 ± 13.50 | 9.19 ± 6.60 | 6.92 ± 3.87 | 0.016 |
Serum ferritin (ng/mL) | 97.45 ± 101.14 | 108.39 ± 100.77 | 114.58 ± 99.90 | 0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 5.49 ± 6.49* | 2.13 ± 1.60* | 1.56 ± 0.94* | 0.001 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 128.53 ± 44.24* | 94.11 ± 10.24 | 81.18 ± 6.7 | 0.001 |
Glucose 2 h OGTT (mg/dL) | 257.28 ± 108.35* | 125.13 ± 38.35 | 106.11 ± 21.09 | 0.001 |
HIRI | 2227.52 ± 2631.69* | 1170.36 ± 904.67* | 768.57 ± 406.98* | 0.001 |
MIRI | 0.025 ± 0.016 | 0.019 ± 0.021 | 0.022 ± 0.044 | 0.100 |