Skip to main content

Table 3 Adjusted associations of glucose homeostasis markers with RMSSD, SDNN and RR interval

From: Association of glucose homeostasis measures with heart rate variability among Hispanic/Latino adults without diabetes: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Outcome/exposure

Unadjusted

Model 1a

Model 2b

β

95 % CI

β

95 % CI

β

95 % CI

RMSSD (ms)

 Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

−0.65

(−0.77, −0.53)

−0.20

(−0.33, −0.07)

−0.16

(−0.28, −0.05)

 Fasting insulin (mU/L), men

−0.45

(−0.66, −0.24)

−0.43

(−0.62, −0.24)

−0.44

(−0.62, −0.26)

 Fasting insulin (mU/L), women

−0.06

(−0.20, 0.08)

−0.13

(−0.24, −0.01)

−0.14

(−0.27, −0.01)

 HbA1c, no abdominal adiposity

−12.8

(−15.83, −9.78)

3.61

(0.26, 6.97)

3.22

(−0.09, 6.53)

 HbA1c, abdominal adiposity

−16.5

(−20.09, −13.04)

−3.57

(−6.74, −0.41)

−3.62

(−6.75, −0.48)

 HOMA-IR, men

−1.88

(−2.71, −1.05)

−1.65

(−2.37, −0.92)

−1.66

(−2.34, −0.97)

 HOMA-IR, women

−0.49

(−1.03, 0.06)

−0.55

(−1.03, −0.07)

−0.58

(−1.10, −0.06)

SDNN (ms)

 Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

−0.43

(−0.52, −0.34)

−0.13

(−0.23, −0.04)

−0.10

(−0.20, −0.01)

 Fasting insulin (mU/L), men

−0.29

(−0.44, −0.15)

−0.28

(−0.41, −0.15)

−0.26

(−0.38, −0.13)

 Fasting insulin (mU/L), women

−0.05

(−0.15, 0.05)

−0.10

(−0.19, −0.01)

−0.08

(−0.18, 0.02)

 HbA1c, no abdominal adiposity

−9.11

(−11.44, −6.78)

2.29

(−0.20, 4.77)

1.98

(−0.48, 4.44)

 HbA1c, abdominal adiposity

−11.8

(−14.42, −9.26)

−2.56

(−4.94, −0.19)

−2.60

(−4.96, −0.23)

 HOMA-IR, men

−1.23

(−1.79, −0.67)

−1.07

(−1.56, −0.58)

−0.97

(−1.44, −0.49)

 HOMA-IR, women

−0.37

(−0.77, 0.03)

−0.43

(−0.79, −0.06)

−0.35

(−0.77, 0.06)

RR (ms)

 Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

−0.80

(−1.29, −0.31)

−2.02

(−2.52, −1.52)

−1.55

(−2.06, −1.04)

 Fasting insulin (mU/L), men

−4.41

(−5.13, −3.69)

−4.39

(−5.11, −3.67)

−4.09

(−4.90, −3.29)

 Fasting insulin (mU/L), women

−3.15

(−3.94, −2.36)

−3.07

(−3.80, −2.34)

−2.82

(−3.54, −2.09)

 HbA1c, no abdominal adiposity

19.58

(2.84, 36.32)

1.03

(−16.54, 18.61)

−0.33

(−17.83, 17.18)

 HbA1c, abdominal adiposity

−8.18

(−20.46, 4.11)

−22.8

(−35.12, −10.55)

−22.9

(−35.24, −10.72)

 HOMA-IR, men

−17.2

(−20.07, −14.46)

−17.3

(−20.15, −14.47)

−16.0

(−19.18, −12.93)

 HOMA-IR, women

−12.8

(−15.70, −10.03)

−12.6

(−15.32, −10.03)

−11.5

(−14.17, −8.91)

  1. Abdominal adiposity (waist circumference ≥102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women)
  2. RMSSD root mean square of successive differences in RR intervals, SDNN standard deviation of all normal to normal RR intervals, RR median duration of the RR interval, HbA 1c glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
  3. aModel 1 includes gender, age groups (each as an indicator variable), Hispanic background, and medications: β-blocker, non-hydropyridine calcium channel blocker, sympathomimetics, and field center
  4. bFor fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR, model 2 includes model 1 plus current smoking and waist circumference. For HbA1C, model 2 includes model 1 plus current smoking