Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of the study subjects

From: The coexistence of carotid and lower extremity atherosclerosis further increases cardio-cerebrovascular risk in type 2 diabetes

Variables

Without AS (n = 711)

With either carotid or lower limb AS (n = 999)

With both carotid and lower limb AS (n = 1120)

p value

*p value

Age (months)

49 ± 11

60 ± 10

67 ± 10

<0.001

<0.001

Male (n,  %)

325 (45.7 %)

446 (44.6 %)

475 (42.4 %)

0.340

<0.001

DD (months)a

48 (3–96)

84 (24–132)

120 (48–168)

<0.001

<0.001

Smoking (n,  %)

226 (31.79 %)

291 (29.13 %)

281 (25.09 %)

0.007

0.612

Alcohol (n,  %)

115 (16.17 %)

171 (17.12 %)

142 (12.68 %)

0.014

0.036

Hypertension (n,  %)

256 (36.00 %)

521 (52.20 %)

742 (66.20 %)

<0.001

<0.001

Dyslipidemia (n,  %)

546 (76.8 %)

729 (73.0 %)

857 (76.5 %)

0.041

0.001

IIAs (n,  %)

486 (68.4 %)

687 (68.8 %)

849 (75.8 %)

<0.001

<0.001

LLD (n,  %)

189 (26.6 %)

292 (29.2 %)

402 (35.9 %)

<0.001

<0.001

AHAs (n,  %)

224 (31.5 %)

479 (47.9 %)

692 (61.8 %)

<0.001

<0.001

APAs (n,  %)

96 (13.5 %)

534 (53.5 %)

827 (73.8 %)

<0.001

<0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

24.97 ± 3.48

24.92 ± 3.41

24.78 ± 3.43

0.476

0.888

WHR (cm)

0.91 ± 0.06

0.91 ± 0.06

0.92 ± 0.07

0.004

0.206

SBP (mmHg)

126 ± 15

132 ± 17

136 ± 18

<0.001

<0.001

DBP (mmHg)

80 ± 10

80 ± 10

80 ± 10

0.448

0.006

TC (mmol/l)

4.72 ± 1.14

4.72 ± 1.13

4.74 ± 1.15

0.943

<0.001

TTG (mmol/l)a

1.57 (1–2.48)

1.39 (0.97–2.12)

1.39 (1–1.96)

<0.001

0.456

HDL-C (mmol/l)

1.09 ± 0.32

1.13 ± 0.3

1.12 ± 0.3

0.018

0.120

LDL-C (mmol/l)

3.07 ± 0.94

3.09 ± 0.9

3.15 ± 1.01

0.148

<0.001

HbA1C (%)

9.22 ± 2.36

9.05 ± 2.36

9.12 ± 2.46

0.346

0.290

FPG (mmol/l)a

8.05 (6.56–10.09)

7.61 (6.17–9.67)

7.55 (6.01–9.39)

<0.001

0.572

2h PPG (mmol/l)a

13.76 (10.32–17.18)

13.23 (9.94–16.49)

13.66 (10.22–16.98)

0.246

0.519

FCPa

1.69 (1.03–2.48)

1.68 (1.07–2.44)

1.61 (0.92–2.43)

0.223

0.234

2h PCPa

3.72 (2.17–5.39)

3.81 (2.22–5.47)

3.49 (1.92–5.26)

0.034

0.002

ALT (U/L)a

21 (15–35)

20 (14–31)

17 (12–26)

<0.001

0.225

Cr (mmol/l)a

62 (51–73)

67 (56–79)

71 (58–87)

<0.001

0.003

UAE (mg/24 h)a

9.8 (6.2–20.1)

11.06 (6.3–25.88)

12.4 (7.1–50)

<0.001

0.005

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) m2)

113 (98–132)

99 (84–118)

92 (74–111)

<0.001

0.370

SUA (μmol/l)a

308 (252–366)

305 (254–367)

317 (260–383)

0.003

0.034

CRPa

0.99 (0.43–2.26)

1.07 (0.46–2.52)

1.36 (0.6–3.8)

<0.001

0.198

  1. Values are presented as mean ± SD, median with interquartile range, or percentages
  2. aNon-normal distribution of continuous variables
  3. p value: The p values were not adjusted for age and sex for the trend
  4. * p value: The * p value were adjusted by sex and age for the trend
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840