Table 3 Association between gestational diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases adjusted for age, obesity, subsequent diabetes and hypertensive diseases during pregnancy—Multivariate logistic regressions

Gestational diabetes mellitus age (ref = 21–29)

1.25 [1.09–1.43]

1.68 [1.29–2.20]

1.92 [1.36–2.71]

–

–

2.72 [2.58–2.88]

 <20

0.49 [0.35–0.68]

0.29 [0.09–0.92]

0.71 [0.22–2.25]

0.50 [0.35–0.72]

0.73 [0.47–1.14]

0.44 [0.35–0.54]

 30–39

1.54 [1.44–1.66]

2.07 [1.73–2.48]

3.32 [2.55–4.32]

1.36 [1.25–1.47]

1.48 [1.32–1.66]

1.95 [1.87–2.03]

 ≥40

2.93 [2.57–3.34]

6.98 [5.43–8.96]

9.52 [6.67–13.60]

1.96 [1.65–2.33]

2.23 [1.76–2.83]

4.63 [4.34–4.93]

Obesity

1.53 [1.34–1.75]

2.18 [1.67–2.85]

–

1.34 [1.13–1.58]

1.34 [1.06–1.69]

–

Subsequent diabetes

2.44 [1.66–3.58]

3.57 [1.91–6.70]

5.45 [2.38–12.45]

–

–

5.61 [4.85–6.50]

Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy

1.78 [1.55–2.05]

1.87 [1.39–2.55]

–

1.63 [1.37–1.95]

1.72 [1.35–2.20]

–