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Table 3 Comparisons of the heart rate variability indices of the groups

From: Impact of metabolic syndrome and its components on heart rate variability during hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study

 

Total (n = 175)

Comparisons between two groups [FPG(+) versus FPG(-)]

Comparisons among four groups [FPG(+)/MetS(+), FPG(+)/MetS(−), FPG(−)/MetS(+), and FPG(−)/MetS(−)]

FPG(+) (n = 65)

FPG(−) (n = 110)

P-value

Intergroup analysis, p-value

Post Hoc analysis using Bonferroni method, p-value

HRV-0

      

 VLF-0

4.53 ± 1.69

4.07 ± 1.77

4.80 ± 1.60

0.031

  

 LF-0

3.24 ± 3.33

2.21 ± 4.73

3.85 ± 1.91

0.013

  

 HF-0

3.03 ± 3.60

2.08 ± 5.26

3.59 ± 1.92

0.035

  

 LF/HF-0

0.21 ± 1.20

0.13 ± 1.29

0.26 ± 1.14

0.577

  

 TP-0

5.41 ± 1.80

4.87 ± 2.03

5.72 ± 1.58

0.017

0.046

NS

 Var-0

5.60 ± 1.69

5.16 ± 1.90

5.86 ± 1.51

0.037

  

HRV-1

      

 VLF-1

4.94 ± 1.74

4.59 ± 1.75

5.15 ± 1.70

0.041

  

 LF-1

3.49 ± 3.62

3.08 ± 2.24

3.75 ± 4.23

0.238

  

 HF-1

3.19 ± 3.88

2.92 ± 1.90

3.35 ± 4.68

0.483

  

 LF/HF-1

0.31 ± 1.21

0.15 ± 1.16

0.40 ± 1.23

0.196

  

 TP-1

5.67 ± 1.82

5.25 ± 1.76

5.93 ± 1.82

0.015

  

 Var-1

5.81 ± 1.69

5.38 ± 1.64

6.07 ± 1.67

0.009

0.045

NS

HRV-2

      

 VLF-2

5.24 ± 1.67

4.77 ± 1.56

5.52 ± 1.68

0.004

0.032

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.030

 LF-2

3.88 ± 3.64

3.37 ± 2.15

4.18 ± 4.27

0.158

  

 HF-2

3.45 ± 3.93

3.14 ± 2.07

3.63 ± 4.71

0.430

  

 LF/HF-2

0.43 ± 1.08

0.24 ± 1.03

0.55 ± 1.09

0.060

  

 TP-2

5.98 ± 1.80

5.47 ± 1.67

6.28 ± 1.80

0.004

0.031

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.024

 Var-2

6.08 ± 1.72

5.56 ± 1.72

6.39 ± 1.65

0.002

0.017

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.014

HRV-3

      

 VLF-3

5.05 ± 1.95

4.29 ± 2.04

5.49 ± 1.75

<0.001

0.001

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.005

(+/+) vs (−/+), p = 0.001

 LF-3

3.63 ± 4.30

2.29 ± 5.28

4.43 ± 3.37

0.001

0.011

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.034

(+/+) vs (+/−), p = 0.020

 HF-3

3.15 ± 4.69

2.03 ± 5.84

3.82 ± 3.72

0.015

  

 LF/HF-3

0.48 ± 1.10

0.26 ± 1.24

0.61 ± 0.99

0.040

0.049

NS

 TP-3

5.83 ± 2.04

5.02 ± 2.18

6.31 ± 1.80

<0.001

0.001

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.002

(+/+) vs (−/+), p = 0.002

 Var-3

6.00 ± 1.84

5.23 ± 1.90

6.47 ± 1.64

<0.001

<0.001

(+/+) vs (−/−), p = 0.001

(+/+) vs (−/+), p = 0.002

  1. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Independent student’s t-test and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to perform comparisons between two groups (FPG(+) versus FPG(-)) and among four groups (FPG(+)/(-) subgrouped by MetS(+)/(-)), respectively
  2. HRV-0, -1, -2, and -3 were HRV measured before HD, and at initial, middle, and late phases of the index hemodialysis session, respectively
  3. Units: Ln(ms2) in Var, TP, VLF, LF, and HF; Ln(ratio) in LF/HF
  4. FPG fasting plasma glucose, HRV heart rate variability, LF low frequency, MetS metabolic syndrome, NS not significant, TP total power, Var variance of the R–R intervals, VLF very low frequency