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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, lifestyle and genetic characteristics of the study participants at baseline according to the CLOCK-rs4580704 genotype

From: CLOCK gene variation is associated with incidence of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in type-2 diabetic subjects: dietary modulation in the PREDIMED randomized trial

 

CC (n = 2667)

CG (n = 3415)

GG (n = 1016)

P1

Age (years)

66.9

(6.2)

67.0

(6.2)

67.0

(6.3)

0.961

Weight (Kg)

76.9

(12.0)

77.1

(12.1)

75.4

(11.5)

<0.001

BMI (Kg/m2)

30.0

(3.8)

30.0

(3.9)

29.7

(3.8)

0.030

Waist circumference (cm)

100.5

(10.3)

100.6

(10.9)

99.3

(10.3)

0.002

Female sex n,  %

1551

(58.2)

1932

(56.6)

587

(57.8)

0.444

Current smokers n,  %

365

(13.7)

494

(14.5)

143

(14.1)

0.399

T2D prevalence n,  %

1314

(49.3)

1616

(47.3)

497

(48.9)

0.291

CLOCK-rs4580704 n,  %

      

0.570

 MedDiet with EVOO

901

(33.8)

1208

(35.4)

339

(33.4)

 

 MedDiet with nuts

927

(34.8)

1078

(31.6)

328

(32.3)

 

 Control

839

(31.5)

1129

(33.1)

349

(34.4)

 

SBP (mm Hg)

149.1

(20.8)

149.6

(20.7)

149.5

(21.0)

0.676

DBP (mm Hg)

83.5

(11.1)

83.5

(10.9)

83.0

(11.0)

0.389

Heart rate (bpm)

71.5

(11.1)

71.4

(11.3)

70.7

(10.8)

0.117

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

209.9

(37.8)

211.2

(39.0)

210.0

(36.2)

0.417

LDL-C (mg/dL)

129.2

(33.7)

130.0

(34.0)

129.6

(32.7)

0.635

HDL-C (mg/dL)

53.8

(13.7)

53.6

(13.9)

54.5

(14.3)

0.224

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

137.5

(75.5)

137.6

(75.1)

132.6

(68.6)

0.109

Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

122.9

(41.8)

121.8

(41.8)

120.4

(39.1)

0.268

Energy intake (kcal/d)

2275

(603)

2281

(605)

2272

(605)

0.887

Total fat (g/d)

98.8

(30.3)

99.1

(30.6)

97.8

(29.9)

0.510

Saturated fat (g/d)

25.2

(9.2)

25.5

(9.3)

25.0

(8.9)

0.313

MUFA (g/d)

48.9

(16.0)

49.0

(16.0)

48.6

(16.0)

0.832

PUFA (g/d)

15.8

(6.9)

15.9

(7.2)

15.6

(6.6)

0.380

Proteins (g/d)

92.3

(22.8)

92.6

(23.2)

93.2

(23.5)

0.558

Carbohydrates (g/d)

239.6

(80.6)

239.5

(81.1)

239.9

(81.2)

0.987

Adherence to the MedDiet (points)a

8.6

(2.0)

8.7

(2.0)

8.7

(2.0)

0.037

Alcohol consumption (g/d)

8.3

(14.4)

8.6

(14.1)

8.4

(14.6)

0.718

Physical activity (METs-min/day)

232

(238)

227

(237)

243

(253)

0.218

  1. Total indicates the maximum number of participants included with genotype data and demographic, anthropometric, adherence to MedDiet, physical activity and clinical variables. For dietary intake obtained by food-frequency questionnaires n = 7040 subjects were analyzed after exclusion of n = 58 subjects with invalid data. Biochemical data were available for fasting glucose (n = 6716 participants) total cholesterol (n = 6834 participants), HDL cholesterol (n = 6753 participants), LDL cholesterol (n = 6698 participants), and triglycerides (n = 6795 participants)
  2. MUFA Monounsaturated fatty acids, MedDiet Mediterranean diet, EVOO extra virgin olive oil
  3. aBased on a 14-point screener of adherence
  4. 1 P unadjusted P-value obtained in the ANOVA test
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840