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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity quartiles

From: Association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and progression of coronary artery calcium: a prospective cohort study

Characteristics

PWV quartiles

P for trend

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

PWV (cm/sec)

977–1256.5

1256.5–1345.5

1345.5–1441.5

1441.5–2397.5

<0.001

Number

281

281

282

280

 

Age (years)a

42.3 (4.5)

43.3 (4.3)

43.8 (5.2)

45.0 (6.0)

<0.001

Male (%)

89.7

94.0

96.8

99.3

0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

25.1(3.3)

24.9 (2.8)

25.1 (3.2)

25.4 (2.9)

0.155

Obesity (%)

43.8

47.1

53.6

52.9

0.012

Current smoker (%)

26.3

31.0

30.9

33.9

0.065

Alcohol intake (%)b

28.1

32.4

32.3

40.7

0.003

High education level (%)c

84.2

82.3

87.7

80.8

0.655

Diabetes (%)

5.0

6.4

9.6

16.1

<0.001

Hypertension (%)

10.3

23.8

26.2

42.9

<0.001

Systolic BP (mmHg)a

113.9 (10.8)

118.7 (11.5)

119.3 (11.2)

126.5 (11.5)

<0.001

Diastolic BP (mmHg)a

72.6 (8.1)

76.0 (8.8)

76.5 (8.0)

81.5 (9.0)

<0.001

Glucose (mg/dL)a

94.4 (11.1)

98.1 (18.3)

99.2 (18.1)

105.3 (23.6)

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)a

203.5 (37.4)

212.0 (35.5)

213.6 (39.5)

210.8 (37.5)

0.020

LDL-C (mg/dL)a

126.4 (34.1)

133.5 (32.3)

134.6 (34.6)

130.1 (33.8)

0.174

HDL-C (mg/dL)a

53.2 (13.8)

50.5 (10.7)

49.7 (11.4)

51.0 (12.0)

0.022

Triglycerides (mg/dL)d

114 (80–156)

138 (98–192)

139 (99–200)

163 (114–227.5)

<0.001

ALT (U/l)d

22 (16–31)

24 (18–35)

27 (20–41)

28 (20–42)

<0.001

GTP (U/l)d

29 (19–43)

35 (24–54)

40 (26–58)

41 (28.5–68)

<0.001

C-reactive protein (mg/L)d

0.05 (0.03–0.12)

0.06 (0.04–0.11)

0.07 (0.04–0.11)

0.07 (0.04–0.14)

0.005

  1. Data are a means (standard deviation), d medians (interquartile range), or percentages
  2. SI unit conversion (multiply the conversion factors to obtain the SI unit): glucose, 0.0555 (mmol/L); Total cholesterol, 0.0259 (mmol/L); LDL-C, 0.0259 (mmol/L); HDL-C, 0.0259 (mmol/L); Triglyceride, 0.0113 (mmol/L); C-reactive protein, 10 (mg/L)
  3. ALT alanine aminotransferase, GTP glutamyl transpeptidase, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, b ≥20 g/day; c ≥College graduate