Effect of metformin monotherapy on cardiovascular diseases and mortality: a retrospective cohort study on Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Table 2 Clinical parameter comparisons between baseline and post

Clinical parameters (Mean ± SD)	Full cohort with complete case				Propensity score-matched cohort
Clinical parameters (Mean ± SD)	MM group paired diff.^a (N = 7493)	Control group paired diff.^a (N = 3800)	Diff. in diff. (MM group—control group)	P value	MM group paired diff.^a (N = 3400)	Control group paired diff.^a (N = 3400)	Diff. in diff. (MM group—control group)	P value
HbA1c, %	−0.04 ± 1.08	0.29 ± 0.68	−0.32	<0.001*	0.19 ± 0.79	0.28 ± 0.69	−0.09	<0.001*
SBP, mmHg	−2.86 ± 19.33	−1.91 ± 19.04	−0.95	0.013*	−3.07 ± 19.40	−1.95 ± 18.95	−1.12	0.016*
DBP, mmHg	−2.20 ± 10.64	−1.42 ± 10.16	−0.78	<0.001*	−2.25 ± 10.54	−1.30 ± 10.15	−0.95	<0.001*
LDL-C, mmol/L	−0.58 ± 0.90	−0.48 ± 0.89	−0.10	<0.001*	−0.71 ± 0.92	−0.44 ± 0.87	−0.27	<0.001*
TC/HDL-C ratio	−0.69 ± 1.04	−0.60 ± 1.22	−0.09	<0.001*	−0.78 ± 1.07	−0.56 ± 1.01	−0.23	<0.001*
Triglyceride, mmol/L	−0.21 ± 0.84	−0.14 ± 0.75	−0.07	<0.001*	−0.18 ± 0.73	−0.14 ± 0.77	−0.03	0.059
BMI, kg/m²	−0.30 ± 1.55	−0.05 ± 1.46	−0.25	<0.001*	−0.19 ± 1.54	−0.08 ± 1.43	−0.11	0.002*

MM metformin monotherapy, HbA1c haemoglobin A1c, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus
* Significant with p value <0.05 by independent t test
^aPaired difference (Post—baseline)

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