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Table 2 Basal characteristics according to level of HbA1c

From: Lack of correlation between the optimal glycaemic control and coronary micro vascular dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross sectional study

 

HBA1c > 7 (n 53)

HBA1c < 7 (n 47)

p value

Age (year)

55 (49–61)

54 (47–61)

0.45

BSA (m2)

2.04 ± 0.25

2.09 ± 0.25

0.40

BMI (kg/m2)

33.95 ± 6.59

34.73 ± 8.42

0.63

Female sex (%)

58.5

63,9

0.54

GFR c–c (ml/min)

108.0 (81.4–144.2)

117.7 (89.2–136.5)

0.79

GFR MRDR (ml/min)

75.9 (62.1–92.8)

71.9 (64.3–83.7)

0.23

Risk factors and CAD history (%)

 Current smoker (%)

13.2

4.2

0.16

 Hypertension (%)

57.7

82.9

<0.01

 Hyperlipidemia (%)

75.0

82.9

0.33

 HDL (mg/dl)

45.0 (37.0–54.5)

45.5 (39.0–54.0)

0.83

 Triglycerides (mg/dl)

160.0 (98.0–230.0)

118.5 (86.7–159.5)

<0.05

Inflammatory markers

 Lpa (mg/dl)

14.0 (7.0–35.0)

13.0 (7.0–40.0)

0.74

 hsCrP (mg/l)

1.0 (0.4–4.0)

1.0 (0.4–3.7)

0.31

 Homocysteine (µmol/l)

8.0 (6.0–9.0)

8.0 (6.0–10.0)

0.30

Coronary epicardial and microvascular function

 CFR

2.8 (2.3–3.6)

2.8 (2.4–3.4)

0.55

 CRF < 2.5 (%)

39.6

29.8

0.53

 CBF%Ach

27.4 (−16.6 to 67.4)

15.2 (−28.2 to 69.1)

0.79

 CBFAch < 50 % (%)

62.2

61.7

1.00

 CLD%Ach

−10.0 (−24.8 to −3.4)

−12.5 (−31.8 to 0.0)

0.93

 CLDAch < 20 % (%)

28.3

36.1

0.52

 CBFbasal

52.9 (33.5–70.4)

51.2 (38.0–73.1)

0.45

 LVEDP (mmHG)

18.0 (12.2–24.7)

17.0 (15.0–22.0)

0.71

Diabetes status and treatment characterization

 DM duration (months)

60.0 (24.0–100.0)

41.0 (8.0–90.0)

0.22

 Fasting glucose (mg/dl)

148.0 (118.0–179.0)

125.0 (103.7–141.0)

<0.01

 Insulin (µIU/ml)

14.0 (6.9–20.6)

10.0 (5.1–18.0)

0.47

 DM family history (%)

60.4

47.7

0.29

 Insulin therapy (%)

33.9

21.2

0.18

 Metformin (%)

44.2

44.4

1.00

 Metformin only (%)

28.8

35.5

0.66

 Insulin releasing (%)

28.8

22.7

0.49

Medication (%)

 BBlockers

35.8

46.8

0.31

 CC blockers

28.3

36.1

0.29

 Nitrates

33.9

57.4

<0.05

 ACE/ARB inhibitor

30.1

38.3

0.53

 Lipid lowering

40.1

70.2

<0.05

  1. BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, GFR c–c Cockroft–Gault glomerular filtrate rate, ACS acute coronary syndrome, CAD coronary artery disease, Lpa lipoprotein A, hsCrP high sensitive C reactive protein, CFR coronary flow reserve, CMD coronary microvascular dysfunction, CFR < 2.5 independent CMD, CBF%Ach percentage of increase in CBF after acetylcholine infusion, CBFAch < 50 % dependent CMD, CLD%Ach percentage of increase in coronary lumen diameter after acetylcholine infusion, CLDAch < 20 % epicardial endothelial dysfunction, LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, CC blockers calcium channel blocker, ACE/ARB inhibitor angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin inhibitor.