Relationship between serum osteocalcin level and carotid intima-media thickness in a metabolically healthy Chinese population

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of study subjects

Variables	Men	Premenopausal women	Postmenopausal women
n	155	201	120
Age (years)	50.1 ± 10.6	42.0 ± 6.8**	55.0 ± 4.4^,**
BMI (kg/m²)	22.0 ± 1.8	21.5 ± 1.7*	21.7 ± 1.8
W (cm)	78.0 (74.0–84.0)	72.0 (69.5–77.0)**	75.0 (71.0–80.0)^,**
SBP (mmHg)	119.3 (110.0–121.3)	110.7 (103.3–120.0)**	112.7 (107.7–120.0)*
DBP (mmHg)	74.7 (70.0–79.3)	72.0 (66.7–79.2)*	71.7 (69.3–78.7)*
FPG (mmol/L)	5.1 ± 0.4	5.1 ± 0.4	5.1 ± 0.4
2hPG (mmol/L)	5.5 ± 1.1	5.7 ± 1.0	6.0 ± 1.0^,**
HbA1c (%)	5.4 (5.2–5.6)	5.4 (5.1–5.6)	5.5 (5.3–5.8)^,**
FINS (mU/L)	5.5 (3.8–7.5)	6.4 (4.9–8.8)**	6.1 (4.5–7.6)
HOMA-IR	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	1.4 (1.1–2.0)**	1.4 (1.0–1.7)
TC (mmol/L)	4.34 ± 0.48	4.28 ± 0.54	4.54 ± 0.43^,**
TG (mmol/L)	0.88 (0.69–1.17)	0.79 (0.61–1.00)**	0.87 (0.65–1.16)***
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.40 (1.25–1.61)	1.53 (1.37–1.78)**	1.62 (1.45–1.79)**
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.65 ± 0.48	2.50 ± 0.46**	2.61 ± 0.44***
CRP (mg/L)	0.5 (0.3–0.8)	0.3 (0.2–0.7)**	0.5 (0.2–0.8)****
Smoking, n (%)	76 (49.0)	6 (3.0)**	1 (0.8)**
CVD family history, n (%)	45 (29.0)	52 (25.9)	47 (39.2)***

Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range)
BMI body mass index, W waist circumference, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, 2hPG 2-h plasma glucose, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, FINS fasting insulin, HOMA-IR homoeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CRP C-reactive protein, CVD cardiovascular disease
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 vs. men; ***P < 0.05; ****P < 0.01 vs. premenopausal women