Fig. 6

Effects of rivaroxaban on eNOS, p-eNOS, and VEGF production in cultured human EPCs. a Administration of rivaroxaban (1, 5, and 10 μM) for 24 h, followed by treatment of EPCs under hyperglycemic conditions. Rivaroxaban up-regulated hyperglycemic impaired e-NOS phosphorylation, eNOS, and Akt phosphorylation. b In addition, administration of rivaroxaban also promoted VEGF production under hyperglycemic conditions. Each bar graph shows the summarized data from four separate experiments by densitometry after normalization. Data are the mean ± SEM. (*P < 0.05 compared with control, ^# P < 0.05 compared with HG group, n = 4 for each experiment)