| | |
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 per 10 nmol/L
|
|---|
| |
Model
|
OR
|
95 % CI
|
p
|
|
Microalbuminuria (n = 83)
|
1
|
0.93
|
0.84; 1.03
|
0.17
|
| |
2
|
0.93
|
0.83; 1.05
|
0.26
|
| |
3
|
0.94
|
0.83; 1.06
|
0.30
|
| |
4
|
0.94
|
0.83; 1.06
|
0.30
|
|
Macroalbuminuria (n = 124)
|
1
|
0.80
|
0.72; 0.88
|
<0.001
|
| |
2
|
0.82
|
0.72; 0.94
|
0.003
|
| |
3
|
0.82
|
0.72; 0.94
|
0.005
|
| |
4
|
0.82
|
0.72; 0.94
|
0.005
|
|
Non-proliferative retinopathy (n = 146)
|
1
|
0.90
|
0.82; 0.99
|
0.022
|
| |
2
|
0.98
|
0.87; 1.09
|
0.66
|
|
Proliferative retinopathy (n = 152)
|
1
|
0.90
|
0.83; 0.98
|
0.018
|
| |
2
|
1.01
|
0.90; 1.13
|
0.87
|
|
CVD (n = 131)
|
1
|
0.99
|
0.91; 1.08
|
0.84
|
| |
2
|
1.02
|
0.93; 1.12
|
0.66
|
-
OR, odds ratio indicates the odds of prevalent albuminuria, retinopathy and CVD per 10 nmol/L higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Model 1: adjusted for age, sex and season; Model 2: model 1 + BMI, smoking (never, ex, current), HbA1c, total-HDL-cholesterol-ratio, systolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medication, eGFR, physical activity (0, ≤sex-specific median, >sex-specific median), alcohol intake (0, ≤70 g/wk, >70 g/wk), and prevalent albuminuria, retinopathy and CVD, as appropriate; Model 3: model 2 + low-grade inflammation score; Model 4: model 2 + endothelial dysfunction score
