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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of all patients, and low- versus high-risk patients

From: Additive prognostic value of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and coronary artery calcification for cardiovascular events and mortality in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes

 

All patients

Low-risk patients

High-risk patients

p-values

(n = 200)

(n = 67)

(n = 133)

Male, n (%)

152 (76)

50 (75)

102 (77)

0.75

Age (years)

60 (54–65)

55 (47–61)

62 (59–67)

<0.0001

Duration of diabetes (years)

12 (7–18)

8 (4–14)

14 (9–19)

<0.0001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

31.4 (28.5-35.6)

31.7 (28.7-35.9)

31 (28–36)

0.66

HbA1c (%)

7.6 (6.9-8.8)

7.9 (7.0-9.0)

7.5 (6.8-8.8)

0.09

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

60 (52–73)

63 (53–75)

69 (51–73)

0.09

UAER (mg/24 h)

103 (39–230)

105 (44–194)

97 (38–97)

0.81

eGFR (CKD-EPI)

91.0 (76.0-102.0)

100.0 (86.0-107.0)

86.0 (74.0-97.5)

<0.0001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

129 (118–142)

130 (116–140)

129 (119–142)

0.90

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.8 (3.2-4.5)

4.0 (3.4-4.8)

3.8 (3.1-4.4)

0.048

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.7 (1.3-2.2)

1.8 (1.2-2.4)

1.7 (1.3-2.1)

0.33

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.1 (0.9-1.4)

1.1 (1.0-1.3)

1.1 (0.9-1.4)

0.35

Current smoker, n (%)

59 (30)

18 (27)

41 (31)

0.56

Left ventricle ejection fraction (%)

60 (57–63)

60 (57–62)

60 (57–63)

0.33

History of stroke, n (%)

19 (10)

4 (6)

15 (11)

0.19

NT-proBNP (ng/L)

48.7 (18.6–95.0)

15.3 (9.3–26.3)

77.1 (48.7–141.7)

-

Coronary artery calcium score

183 (6–604)

7 (0–104)

417 (80–963)

-

Treatment with:

    

Oral antidiabetic, n (%)

170 (85)

57 (85)

113 (85)

0.98

Insulin, n (%)

124 (62)

38 (57)

86 (65)

0.28

RAAS blockade, n (%)

196 (98)

65 (97)

131 (98)

0.48

Statin, n (%)

189 (95)

62 (93)

127 (95)

0.39

Aspirin, n (%)

183 (92)

58 (87)

125 (94)

0.08

Beta-blocker, n (%)

27 (14)

2 (3)

25 (19)

0.002

Calcium channel blockers, n (%)

80 (40)

21 (31)

59 (44)

0.08

Diuretics, n (%)

128 (64)

35 (52)

93 (70)

0.014

  1. High-risk patients = patients with plasma NT-proBNP levels >45.2 ng/L or plasma NT-proBNP levels ≤45.2 ng/L and coronary artery calcium score ≥400, all other low-risk patients
  2. P-values reflect comparison between high- and low-risk patients
  3. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number of patients (%)
  4. UAER: urinary albumin excretion rate; RAAS: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system