| |
All
|
Group I
|
Group II
|
|---|
| | |
DN progression
|
DN non-progression
|
P
|
|---|
| |
(n = 154)
|
(n = 30)
|
(n = 124)
| |
|---|
|
Demographics
| | | | |
|
Age (years)
|
46 ± 15
|
50 ± 15
|
45 ± 16
|
0.135
|
|
Male Sex, n (%)
|
69 (45)
|
11 (37)
|
58 (47)
|
0.414
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
22.6 ± 3.3
|
23.2 ± 3.5
|
22.4 ± 3.3
|
0.256
|
|
Obesity, n (%)
|
30 (19)
|
8 (27)
|
22 (18)
|
0.306
|
|
Duration of diabetes (years)
|
10.0 (3.0–15.0)
|
12.0 (10.0–18.0)
|
8.0 (3.0–15.0)
|
0.004
|
|
Retinopathy, n (%)
|
78 (51)
|
21 (70)
|
57 (46)
|
0.018
|
|
Hypertension, n (%)
|
31 (20)
|
9 (30)
|
22 (18)
|
0.202
|
|
ARB or ACEI use, n (%)
|
49 (32)
|
11 (37)
|
38 (31)
|
0.663
|
|
Statin use, n (%)
|
54 (35)
|
15 (50)
|
39 (31)
|
0.056
|
|
Glycemic indices
|
|
mean GA (%)
|
24.4 (21.5–29.0)
|
29.3 (22.8–34.7)
|
24.0 (21.0–27.5)
|
0.004
|
|
mean HbA1c (%)
|
8.7 ± 1.6
|
9.0 ± 1.4
|
8.7 ± 1.7
|
0.088
|
|
Renal function indices
|
|
Baseline ACR (μg/mg)
|
17.8 (7.2–71.1)
|
47.3 (11.5–136.1)
|
14.6 (6.0–41.2)
|
0.004
|
|
Follow-up ACR (μg/mg)
|
13.8 (7.5–77.9)
|
134.7 (51.7–766.2)
|
10.6 (6.8–29.2)
|
<0.001
|
|
Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
|
97.1 ± 22.5
|
91.7 ± 20.3
|
98.4 ± 22.9
|
0.079
|
|
Follow-up eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)
|
95.1 ± 26.0
|
73.9 ± 28.7
|
100.4 ± 22.4
|
<0.001
|
|
Baseline CKD status
|
|
Stage 1
|
98 (64)
|
17 (57)
|
81 (65)
|
0.565
|
|
Stage 2
|
48 (31)
|
12 (40)
|
36 (29)
|
|
Stage 3 and 4
|
8 (5)
|
1 (3)
|
7 (6)
|
|
Biochemistry profiles
|
|
Albumin (g/dL)
|
4.2 ± 0.4
|
4.1 ± 0.5
|
4.3 ± 0.4
|
0.106
|
|
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
162.0 (145.0–194.0)
|
171.5 (149.0–195.8)
|
162.0 (144.0–193.5)
|
0.423
|
|
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
|
79.0 (60.0–113.5)
|
90.5 (71.8–118.5)
|
77.0 (57.0–114.0)
|
0.109
|
|
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
57.0 ± 15.9
|
55.0 ± 13.7
|
57.5 ± 16.4
|
0.669
|
|
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
95.5 ± 34.9
|
97.6 ± 31.3
|
95.0 ± 35.8
|
0.495
|
- Continuous variables were described as median (quartiles) or mean ± SD. N (%) for categorical variables
-
BMI body mass index; ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ACR albumin-creatinine ratio, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CKD chronic kidney disease
