Table 1 Baseline characteristics and echocardiographic data of study subjects
Variables | Sequence 1 (N = 10) | Sequence 2 (N = 10) | p-value* | Total study population (N = 20) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 57 ± (9) | 56 ± (9) | 0.87 | 57 ± (9) |
Male gender | 7 (70%) | 8 (80%) | 0.63 | 15 (75%) |
Duration type 2 diabetes (years) | 4 ± (3) | 5 ± (3) | 0.35 | 4 ± (3) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 34.8 ± (4.1) | 31.4 ± (4.1) | 0.08 | 33.1 ± (4.4) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 119 ± (11) | 111 ± (8) | 0.08 | 115 ± (10) |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 51.1 ± (4.8) | 54.5 ± (10.6) | 0.37 | 52.8 ± (8.2) |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 89 ± (3) | 87 ± (6) | 0.37 | 88.2 ± (4.8) |
Haemoglobin (mmol/L) | 9.0 ± (0.5) | 8.9 ± (0.7) | 0.75 | 8.9 ± (0.6) |
Hypertension | 7 (70%) | 9 (90%) | 0.29 | 16 (80%) |
Dyslipidaemia | 10 (100%) | 9 (90%) | 0.33 | 19 (95%) |
Micro albuminuria** | 0 (0%) | 3 (30%) | 0.07 | 3 (15%) |
Diabetes treatment: | ||||
Biguanide | 10 (100%) | 10 (100%) | 1.00 | 20 (100%) |
Sulfonylurea | 1 (10%) | 3 (30%) | 0.29 | 4 (20%) |
Other treatment: | ||||
Statin | 8 (80%) | 7 (70%) | 0.63 | 15 (75%) |
ACE inhibitor | 2 (20%) | 4 (40%) | 0.36 | 6 (30%) |
Beta blocker | 0 (0%) | 3 (30%) | 0.07 | 3 (15%) |
LVEF (%) | 52.8 ± (5.4) | 56.3 ± (6.0) | 0.17 | 54.6 ± (5.8) |
Peak diastolic flow at rest (cm/sec) | 0.26 ± (0.06) | 0.26 ± (0.06) | 0.94 | 0.26 ± (0.06) |
Peak diastolic flow during stress (cm/sec) | 0.58 ± (0.12) | 0.64 ± (0.17) | 0.35 | 0.61 ± (0.14) |
CFR | 2.26 ± (0.48) | 2.44 ± (0.44) | 0.39 | 2.35 ± (0.45) |