Table 1 Characteristics of the subjects

UUAE(μmol/24 h)

<2235

2235-2848

2849-3606

>3606

—

—

Male (n, %)

315 (48.1%)

337 (51.2%)

385 (58.6%)

439 (66.8%)

<0.001

<0.001

Age (years)

63 ± 13

60 ± 12

57 ± 12

54 ± 11

<0.001

<0.001

*DD (months)

108(48–168)

84(12–144)

72(12–120)

60(12–120)

<0.001

0.001

Smoking (n, %)

146(22.29%)

148(22.49%)

218(33.18%)

254(38.66%)

<0.001

0.004

Alcohol (n, %)

68(10.38%)

88(13.37%)

105(15.98%)

156(23.74%)

<0.001

0.008

Hypertension (n, %)

376(57.4%)

333(50.6%)

336(51.10%)

345(52.5%)

0.056

0.003

CCEs (n, %)

117(17.90%)

84(12.80%)

86(13.10%)

64(9.70%)

<0.001

<0.001

LLDs (n, %)

170(25.95%)

199(30.24%)

191(29.07%)

253(38.51%)

<0.001

<0.001

AHAs (n, %)

346(52.82%)

296(44.98%)

312(47.49%)

305(46.42%)

0.031

0.004

SBP (mmHg)

133 ± 18

133 ± 18

131 ± 17

131 ± 16

0.015

0.295

DBP (mmHg)

78 ± 9

80 ± 10

81 ± 10

81 ± 10

<0.001

<0.001

BMI(kg/m2)

23.9 ± 3.6

24.4 ± 3.3

25.0 ± 3.2

26.2 ± 3.3

<0.001

<0.001

WHR

0.90 ± 0.07

0.91 ± 0.06

0.91 ± 0.06

0.93 ± 0.06

<0.001

<0.001

*FPG(mmol/l)

7.3(5.9-9.4)

7.4(6–9.6)

7.7(6.2-9.5)

8.3(6.8-10.1)

<0.001

0.009

*2 h PPG(mmol/l)

12.9(9.3-16.4)

13.4(10–16.8)

13.2(10.3-16.5)

14.1(10.8-17.5)

<0.001

<0.001

HbA1C (%)

9.2 ± 2.6

9.1 ± 2.5

9.0 ± 2.4

9.1 ± 2.2

0.836

0.266

*FCP (ng/mL)

1.41(0.82-2.38)

1.59(0.94-2.28)

1.68(1.15-2.41)

1.92(1.31-2.8)

<0.001

<0.001

*2 h PCP (ng/mL)

3.07(1.64-5.14)

3.68(1.98-5.43)

3.86(2.3-5.34)

4.21(2.61-5.63)

<0.001

<0.001

HOMA2-IR

1.4(0.90-2.1)

1.5(1.00-2.1)

1.5(1.10-2.1)

1.8(1.2-2.5)

<0.001

<0.001

HOMA2-%S

71(46.63-111.55)

67.25(48.23-96.23)

65.2(47.45-91.5)

56.1(40.4-81.5)

<0.001

<0.001

*TTG(mmol/l)

1.33(0.89-1.87)

1.40(0.96-2.04)

1.43(1.01-2.08)

1.72(1.17-2.59)

<0.001

<0.001

TC(mmol/l)

4.66 ± 1.13

4.75 ± 1.24

4.66 ± 1.07

4.80 ± 1.14

0.068

0.065

HDL-C(mmol/l)

1.16 ± 0.31

1.15 ± 0.31

1.10 ± 0.29

1.05 ± 0.29

<0.001

<0.001

LDL-C(mmol/l)

3.03 ± 0.95

3.14 ± 1.01

3.08 ± 0.88

3.13 ± 0.95

0.163

0.168

*ALT (U/l)

17(12–25)

18(13–28)

20(14–32)

25(16–41)

<0.001

<0.001

*Cr (μmol/l)

67(55–86)

68(56–80)

66(56–79)

66(56–78)

0.058

<0.001

*SUA (μmol/l)

302(249–370)

314(256–380)

304(255–372)

320(267–380)

0.005

0.087

*UAE (mg/24 h)

11(5.9-45.7)

10.2(6.2-24.8)

9.7(6.3-21.9)

13(7.6-32.8)

<0.001

<0.001

*eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

103(80–129)

106(88–129)

111(93–133)

113(98–135)

<0.001

0.046

*CRP (mg/l)

1.16(0.46-3.49)

1.10(0.49-2.77)

1.09(0.48-2.34)

1.15(0.51-2.81)

0.644

0.120