Table 2 Diastolic dysfunction parameters according to quartiles of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome status

Insulin resistance

(HOMA-IR score)

  Quartile 1

11.3 ± 3.3

6.8 ± 2.6

1.03 ± 0.37

232.8 ± 52.8

  Quartile 2

10.7 ± 2.9

7.1 ± 2.3

0.97 ± 0.28

233.2 ± 50.4

  Quartile 3

10.1 ± 3.6

7.6 ± 2.7

0.92 ± 0.27

240.8 ± 69.5

  Quartile 4

9.8 ± 3.0

8.1 ± 3.1

0.92 ± 0.35

245.5 ± 54.3

No Metabolic Syndrome (n = 571)

11.2 ± 3.3

6.9 ± 2.3

1.01 ± 0.32

232.3 ± 56.9

Metabolic Syndrome without T2DM ( n = 331)

9.7 ± 3.1

7.8 ± 2.7

0.88 ± 0.25

248.4 ± 57.2

Metabolic Syndrome with T2DM (n = 123)

9.2 ± 2.8

9.0 ± 3.6

0.95 ± 0.46

237.9 ± 52.7

 p for trend

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p = 0.002