High-sensitivity c-reactive protein and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels are synergistically associated with metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling persons

Table 1 Characteristics of subjects categorized according to sex

Characteristics	Men (N = 822)	Women (N = 1,097)	P-value*
Age (years)	61 ± 14	63 ± 12	<0.001
Body mass index (kg/m²)	23.6 ± 3.0	23.4 ± 3.4	0.154
Smoking status, %	41.6/24.8/14.6/19.0	97.5/0.8/1.5/0.1	<0.001
Alcohol consumption, %	14.6/28.5/34.3/22.6	64.6/30.0/4.9/0.5	<0.001
History of cardiovascular disease, %	9.9	6.8	0.011
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	140 ± 20	139 ± 23	0.064
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	84 ± 11	80 ± 12	<0.001
Antihypertensive medication, %	24.7	25.6	0.343
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.08 (0.81-1.55)	1.01 (0.75-1.39)	<0.001
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.53 ± 0.38	1.68 ± 0.40	<0.001
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.86 ± 0.81	3.26 ± 0.76	<0.001
Antilipidemic medication, %	3.9	6.7	0.005
Serum uric acid (μmol/L)	351 ± 83	265 ± 62	<0.001
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	81.1 ± 17.0	80.2 ± 17.0	0.212
Immuno-reactive insulin (mU/mL)	4.7 (3.1-7.3)	6.0 (4.1-8.7)	<0.001
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	5.27 (4.94-5.77)	5.11 (4.83-5.55)	<0.001
HOMA-IR	1.12 (0.70-1.86)	1.39 (0.91-2.08)	<0.001
Diabetic medication, %	4.0	3.2	0.200
HMW adiponectin (μg/mL)	3.40 (2.01-5.34)	6.68 (4.39-9.65)	<0.001
hsCRP (mg/L)	0.520 (0.280-1.073)	0.430 (0.220-0.870)	<0.001
GGT (IU/L)	38 (25-68)	20 (16-28)	<0.001

Data presented are mean ± standard deviation. HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HMW, high molecular weight; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase. Data for triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, HMW adiponectin, hsCRP, and GGT were skewed and are presented as median (interquartile range) values, and were log-transformed for analysis. *P-value from Student's t-test for continuous variables or from χ²-test for categorical variables.

ISSN: 1475-2840