Lack of effects of pioglitazone on cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes and evidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: a tissue doppler imaging study

Naka, Katerina K; Pappas, Konstantinos; Papathanassiou, Katerina; Papamichael, Nikolaos D; Kazakos, Nikolaos; Kanioglou, Chryssanthi; Makriyiannis, Demetrios; Katsouras, Christos S; Liveris, Kostas; Tsatsoulis, Agathocles; Michalis, Lampros K

doi:10.1186/1475-2840-9-57

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Table 3 Echocardiographic measurements in the 2 groups at baseline and 6-month follow-up.

From: Lack of effects of pioglitazone on cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes and evidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: a tissue doppler imaging study

Variable	Group A, Pioglitazone (n = 42)			Group B, Other treatment (n = 39)			Comparison of changes between the 2 groups
	Baseline	Follow-up	P value	Baseline	Follow-up	P value	P value (RM ANOVA)
CONVENTIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Left atrial diameter, mm	39.5 ± 6.1	39.4 ± 5.5	0.84	37.9 ± 5.2	39.1 ± 5.3	0.15	0.22
IVSd, mm	11.4 ± 2.1	11.0 ± 2.0	0.23	11.8 ± 1.8	11.7 ± 2.2	0.79	0.58
PWd, mm	10.7 ± 1.8	10.3 ± 1.8	0.23	11.1 ± 1.6	10.7 ± 1.5	0.14	0.99
LVDd, mm	50.0 ± 5.4	49.6 ± 5.6	0.52	48.6 ± 4.4	47.3 ± 5.7	0.20	0.44
LVDs, mm	29.4 ± 5.8	30.2 ± 4.3	0.31	28.7 ± 4.1	28.8 ± 5.6	0.97	0.49
LV mass index, g/m²	113.8 ± 27.9	107.8 ± 33.3	0.21	118.1 ± 28.9	110.2 ± 28.2	0.17	0.78
Fractional shortening, (%)	41.4 ± 6.2	40.2 ± 6.1	0.17	41.0 ± 6.5	39.2 ± 8.1	0.14	0.69
Ejection Fraction, (%)	71.4 ± 7.1	69.7 ± 7.2	0.10	71.0 ± 7.7	68.9 ± 9.6	0.13	0.77
E, cm/s	66.1 ± 15.9	66.2 ± 15.5	0.94	62.6 ± 15.4	6.3 ± 14.0	0.26	0.42
A, cm/s	79.6 ± 19.7	81.3 ± 23.7	0.42	80.2 ± 19.6	82.8 ± 14.6	0.23	0.76
E/A ratio	0.87 ± 0.27	0.86 ± 0.23	0.72	0.80 ± 0.20	0.80 ± 0.15	0.88	0.87
Deceleration Time, ms	193 ± 43	194 ± 49	0.88	215 ± 54 *	230 ± 41	0.10	0.16
Tei index	0.35 ± 0.15	0.35 ± 0.22	0.91	0.38 ± 0.18	0.35 ± 0.15	0.37	0.52
TISSUE DOPPLER IMAGING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Septal S', cm/s	7.9 ± 0.9	8.1 ± 1.1	0.27	7.8 ± 1.2	7.6 ± 1.3	0.59	0.26
Septal E', cm/s	6.8 ± 1.8	7.0 ± 1.7	0.46	6.7 ± 1.4	7.3 ± 2.1	0.18	0.43
Septal A', cm/s	10.5 ± 1.6	10.8 ± 1.6	0.29	10.6 ± 2.0	10.3 ± 1.9	0.34	0.15
Septal E'/A' ratio	0.67 ± 0.22	0.66 ± 0.20	0.87	0.65 ± 0.18	0.71 ± 0.17	0.14	0.23
Lateral S', cm/s	7.7 ± 1.5	8.1 ± 1.5	0.16	8.0 ± 1.7	8.0 ± 1.6	0.99	0.34
Lateral E', cm/s	8.1 ± 2.5	8.4 ± 2.5	0.39	8.3 ± 2.0	8.6 ± 3.1	0.45	0.94
Lateral A', cm/s	11.4 ± 2.4	11.5 ± 2.5	0.84	11.1 ± 2.2	10.7 ± 2.9	0.31	0.40
Lateral E'/A' ratio	0.75 ± 0.29	0.78 ± 0.38	0.53	0.79 ± 0.27	0.84 ± 0.31	0.39	0.96
Tricuspid S', cm/s	14.5 ± 2.6	15.4 ± 3.7	0.09	14.1 ± 4.0	14.4 ± 3.3	0.60	0.49
Tricuspid E', cm/s	12.2 ± 2.9	12.0 ± 3.3	0.63	11.3 ± 3.8	11.9 ± 3.0	0.34	0.29
Tricuspid A', cm/s	18.3 ± 3.7	18.1 ± 3.9	0.82	17.8 ± 4.5	18.3 ± 4.5	0.42	0.48
Tricuspid E'/A' ratio	0.69 ± 0.20	0.68 ± 0.24	0.89	0.65 ± 0.18	0.68 ± 0.17	0.36	0.59
E' (average), cm/s	7.36 ± 1.85	7.66 ± 1.87	0.30	7.55 ± 1.44	7.96 ± 2.31	0.28	0.82
E/E'	9.14 ± 2.39	9.08 ± 2.71	0.80	8.82 ± 2.61	8.68 ± 2.63	0.73	0.87

Mean ± SD. * p = 0.04 compared to group A.
IVSd/PWd, interventricular/posterior wall end-diastolic thickness; LVDd/LVDs, left ventricular end-diastolic/end-systolic internal diameter; E, early mitral filling velocity; A, atrial filling velocity; S', E' and A', systolic, early and late diastolic velocity respectively of the mitral annulus; RM ANOVA, repeated measures analysis of variance.

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ISSN: 1475-2840

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