T2DM Carvedilol (N = 9) | T2DM Metoprolol (N = 10) | Healthy controls (N = 10) | P Carvedilol vs. metoprolol | P Carvedilol vs. control | P Metoprolol vs. control | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 58.9 ± 2.67 | 58.0 ± 3.02 | 47.6 ± 1.89 | 0.83 | 0.003 | 0.009 |
Sex (M/F) | 7/2 | 9/1 | 5/5 | |||
Smoking (%) | 1 (11) | 2 (20) | 0 | |||
Oral hypoglycaemic* (%) | 8 (89) | 9 (90) | 0 | |||
Aspirin (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
Statins (%) | 3 (33) | 5 (50) | 0 | |||
ACE inhibitors/AT2 B (%) | 4 (44) | 3 (30) | 0 | |||
Body weight (kg) | 89.72 ± 7.10 | 97.9 ± 5.76 | 75.62 ± 4.24 | 0.38 | 0.10 | 0.006 |
BMI (Kg/m²) | 29.26 ± 1.76 | 32.22 ± 1.84 | 24.4 ± 0.93 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 0.002 |
Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 142.4 ± 5.09 | 143.4 ± 5.12 | 0.90 | |||
Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 71.4 ± 2.59 | 70.5 ± 4.67 | 0.87 | |||
Heart rate (beats/min) | 67.1 ± 2.16 | 69.4 ± 3.31 | 0.58 | |||
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.76 ± 0.78 | 8.54 ± 1.11 | 5.2 ± 0.17 | |||
Fasting insulin (μU/l) | 10.20 ± 3.20 | 10.82 ± 2.14 | ||||
Hb A1c (%) | 7.6 ± 0.59 | 7.29 ± 0.42 | 5.24 ± 0.10 | 0.67 | 0.0004 | 0.0002 |
Total Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.12 ± 0.28 | 3.93 ± 0.25 | 4.5 ± 0.29 | 0.62 | 0.36 | 0.15 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 2.29 ± 0.31 | 2.25 ± 0.27 | 2.70 ± 0.26 | 0.93 | 0.29 | 0.22 |
HDL (mmol/L) | 1.19 ± 0.06 | 1.09 ± 0.10 | 1.40 ± 0.14 | 0.42 | 0.19 | 0.09 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.41 ± 0.27 | 1.33 ± 0.26 | 0.90 ± 0.17 | 0.83 | 0.12 | 0.18 |
CRP (mmol/L) | 3.00 ± 0.44 | 6.80 ± 2.38 | 2.00 ± 0.58 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.05 |