Table 2 Clinical characteristics between the diabetic patients with and without IMT thickening.

Age (years)

62 (12)

69 (9)

< 0.01

Men

64

65

0.78

Duration of diabetes mellitus (years)

9 (8)

13 (12)

< 0.01

Current plus past smoking

57

58

0.99

Current drinker

42

43

0.66

Therapeutic method for diabetes mellitus

Diet only/OHA/Insulin

5/50/45

4/51/45

0.75

Body mass index (kg/m²)

24.7 (4.7)

24.1 (3.8)

0.19

Obesity^#

37

34

0.53

Hypertension

73

85

< 0.01

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

132 (18)

133 (21)

0.40

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

76 (12)

76 (12)

0.67

Antihypertensive agents

   ACEi

20

19

0.89

   ARB

41

52

0.04

   CCB

43

54

0.04

Hyperlipidaemia

75

71

0.38

   Statin

55

54

0.85

HbA1c (%)

7.2 (1.7)

7.3 (1.7)

0.40

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.9 (1.1)

5.0 (1.1)

0.29

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.9 (1.0)

3.0 (0.9)

0.25

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.5 (0.4)

1.4 (0.3)

0.31

Serum creatinine (μmol/L)

99 (81)

110 (76)

0.22

Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

61.0 (21.6)

52.8 (20.6)

< 0.01

CKD stage

< 0.01

   Stage 1

7

2

   Stage 2

52

36

   Stage 3

33

48

   Stage 4+5

8

15

Diabetic retinopathy^$

40

50

0.096

Diabetic neuropathy

84

84

0.87

Cerebrovascular disease

19

28

0.04

Coronary heart disease

17

27

0.02

Peripheral arterial disease

4

5

0.55

Diabetic nephropathy

0.28

   Stage I

49

46

   Stage II

25

24

   Stage III

19

16

   Stage IV

7

14

ABI

1.1 (0.1)

1.1 (0.1)

0.27

baPWV (cm/s)

1736 (403)

1876 (375)

< 0.01