Table 1 Patients characteristics by cardiovascular diseases at baseline (before and after propensity score 1:1 matching)
| Ā | Before Matching | After Matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Mean (S.D.) | P-value | Mean (S.D.) | P-value | ||
| Ā | With CVD (N = 406) | Without CVD (N = 1536) | Ā | With CVD (N = 394) | Without CVD (N = 394) | Ā |
SU added at index | 80.8% | 73.6% | 0.003 | - | - | - |
Glitazones added at index | 19.2% | 26.4% | Ā | - | - | - |
Demographics | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
Age (years) | 64.3 (9.2) | 59.5 (10.5) | < 0.0001 | 64.0 (9.0) | 63.9 (10.1) | 0.96 |
Male | 65.5% | 51.3% | < 0.0001 | 65.0% | 70.3% | 0.11 |
Caucasian | 98.0% | 96.7% | 0.17 | 98.0% | 98.4% | 0.68 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 6.1 (5.2) | 5.6 (4.8) | 0.09 | 6.0 (5.0) | 6.1 (5.0) | 0.99 |
Never used alcohol | 27.6% | 30.4% | 0.29 | 27.9% | 26.1% | 0.57 |
Physical Activity | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
āāāNo regular activity | 39.1% | 34.6% | 0.11 | 37.6% | 39.5% | 0.58 |
āāā< 3 times/week | 39.1% | 39.7% | 0.83 | 41.0% | 36.5% | 0.12 |
āāāā„ 3 times/week | 21.9% | 25.7% | 0.12 | 21.4% | 24.0% | 0.34 |
Country | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
āāāSpain | 15.8% | 28.1% | < 0.0001 | 16.2% | 15.0% | 0.62 |
āāāFrance | 6.9% | 8.1% | 0.43 | 7.1% | 6.9% | 0.89 |
āāāUK | 26.6% | 16.9% | < 0.0001 | 26.7% | 26.4% | 0.94 |
āāāNorway | 3.0% | 3.4% | 0.67 | 3.1% | 4.8% | 0.20 |
āāāFinland | 7.4% | 10.7% | 0.049 | 7.6% | 10.2% | 0.21 |
āāāGermany | 17.7% | 21.4% | 0.10 | 18.3% | 19.8% | 0.59 |
āāāPoland | 22.7% | 11.5% | < 0.0001 | 21.1% | 17.0% | 0.15 |
Baseline Clinical Information | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
HbA1c (%) | 8.1 (1.3) | 8.0 (1.4) | 0.69 | 8.06 (1.26) | 8.05 (1.39) | 0.96 |
With HbA1c < 6.5% | 5.2% | 8.3% | 0.037 | 5.1% | 7.6% | 0.14 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 31.7 (8.2) | 31.9 (6.2) | 0.60 | 31.7 (6.6) | 31.7 (6.7) | 0.94 |
Physician specialty | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
āāāEndocrinologists/Diabetologists | 40.6% | 40.6% | 0.99 | 40.6% | 41.1% | 0.89 |
āāāGeneral practitioners/Internists | 59.4% | 59.4% | Ā | 59.4% | 58.9% | Ā |
Duration of metformin use (years) | 3.0 (2.9) | 2.8 (2.5) | 0.15 | 2.9 (2.7) | 2.8 (2.5) | 0.60 |