Elevated resting heart rate is associated with the metabolic syndrome

Table 4 OR (95% CI) for having the MetS according to quintiles of resting heart rate

	1^st Quintile	2^nd Quintile	3^rd Quintile	4^th Quintile	5^th Quintile
Men	HR < 60	60 ≤ HR < 67	67 ≤ HR < 73	73 ≤ HR < 80	HR ≥ 80
	n = 947	n = 1137	n = 1020	n = 1009	n = 993
Crude OR	1.00	1.8 (1.3-2.5)^§	2.1 (1.6-3.0)^§	2.8 (2.0-3.8)^§	4.0 (3.0-5.5)^§
Multiadjusted* OR	1.00	1.9 (1.3-2.7)^§	2.1 (1.4-2.9)^§	2.8 (2.0-4.0)^§	4.2 (3.0-5.9)^§
Women	HR < 64	64 ≤ HR < 70	70 ≤ HR < 76	76 ≤ HR < 82	HR ≥ 82
	n = 518	n = 519	n = 571	n = 454	n = 538
Crude OR	1.00	1.4 (0.8-2.3)	1.6 (1.0-2.7)	2.1 (1.3-3.4)^§	2.9 (1.8-4.6)^§
Multiadjusted* OR	1.00	1.2 (0.7-2.2)	1.9 (1.1-3.3)^†	2.9 (1.7-4.9)^§	3.6 (2.2-6.1)^§

† - 0.05 > P ≥ 0.01; § - P < 0.01
* Adjusted for age, former or never smoking status, family history of CVD, aspirin usage, alcohol consumption, measured oral temperature and physical exercise.
** list of abbreviations: MetS = metabolic syndrome; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; HR = heart rate.

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