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Table 1 The changes in DM patients' parameters.

From: Intensification of oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetes despite antihyperglycemic treatment

Parameters

HC

Metformin (months)

Rosiglitazone (months)

  

0

1

2

0

2

Fundus

neg

neg

neg

neg

neg

neg

MAP (mm Hg)

87.0 ± 2.2

99 ± 3.2

98.1 ± 1.4

99.1 ± 3.6

96.1 ± 2.0

96.2 ± 0.2

Glucose (mg/dL)

94.0 ± 11.9

228.4 ± 15.1b

135.3 ± 8.3a,b

135.9 ± 3.2a,b

235.2 ± 15.8b

143.1 ± 14.1a,b

HbA1c (μmol/L)

5.4 ± 0.2

8.9 ± 0.3b

7.2 ± 0.5a,b

7 ± 0.1a,b

10.7 ± 0.6b

7 ± 0.3a,b

Calculated GFR

94.6 ± 2.9

99.5 ± 2.1

95.7 ± 2.0

94.6 ± 2.9

95.4 ± 4.8

90.1 ± 4.1

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

205.0 ± 1.7

203 ± 8.6

188.3 ± 9.9

188.3 ± 2.2

207.3 ± 9.0

195.1 ± 4.8

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

120.4 ± 3.2

153.2 ± 2.1

114.6 ± 26.3

129.3 ± 6.5

190.2 ± 3.5

141.4 ± 5.5

HDL (mg/dL)

58.6 ± 0.7

45.9 ± 2.5

44.7 ± 3.4

43.9 ± 0.9

42.04 ± 2.4

41.3 ± 0.9

LDL (mg/dL)

114.6 ± 1.3

128.4 ± 7.5

120.7 ± 8.7

118.6 ± 2.1

130.0 ± 7.7

114.7 ± 2.6

Hb (g/dL)

14.3 ± 0.1

14.6 ± 0.4

14.0 ± 0.6

14.8 ± 0.5

14.7 ± 0.3

14.4 ± 0.1

ALT (U/L)

20.3 ± 0.5

27.3 ± 2.8

28.4 ± 5

20.3 ± 0.5

33.5 ± 6.5

24.3 ± 0.7a

AST (U/L)

19.6 ± 0.3

19.2 ± 1.5

24 ± 3.6

19.6 ± 0.3

23 ± 3

17.4 ± 0.3a

ALP (U/L)

76.2 ± 6.1

87.3 ± 4.8b

73.7 ± 3.9a

76.2 ± 6.1a

83.8 ± 4.5b

75.3 ± 1.5a

LDH (U/L)

283.3 ± 1.9

311 ± 17

273.2 ± 10.8

283.3 ± 1.9

270.4 ± 10.8

255.8 ± 3.3

Insulin (μU/mL)

7.6 ± 0.8

15.2 ± 1.4b

13.5 ± 1.0b

11.1 ± 0.9a,b

17.5 ± 1.8b

9.5 ± 0.4a,b

  1. a P < 0.05, treated DM patients vs. untreated DM patients;
  2. b P < 0.05, untreated DM patients vs. HC subjects