Table 5 Entry criteria and outcomes in trials of fibrates

SENDCAP

men and women, 35–65 years, no cardiovascular disease

• serum cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/L

• triglyceride ≥ 1.8 mmol/L

• HDL ≤ 1.1 mmol/L

• total/HDL ≥ 4.7

change in carotid intima-media thickness, lipid changes, CHD events, at 3 years

VA-HIT

men, <74 years, documented history of CHD

• HDL ≤ 1.0 mmol/L

• LDL ≤ 3.6 mmol/L

• triglyceride ≤ 3.4 mmol/L

nonfatal MI or CHD death over median 5.1 years

BIP

men and women, 45–74 years, MI 6 months to 5 years before, no insulin-dependent diabetes

• serum cholesterol 4.7-6.5 mmol/L

• LDL ≤ 4.7 mmol/L

• HDL ≤ 1.2 mmol/L

• triglyceride ≤ 3.4 mmol/L

fatal or nonfatal MI or sudden death over mean 6.2 years

DAIS

men and women, 40–65 years, type 2 diabetes

• total/HDL ≥ 4

• LDL 3.5–4.5 mmol/L + triglyceride ≤ 5.2 mol/L or LDL ≤ 4.5 mmol/L + triglyceride 1.7–5.2 mol/L

change in coronary artery lumen diameters, by angiography, and lipid changes after 3 years

LEADER

men with lower-extremity arterial disease, no lipid-lowering drug

• serum cholesterol 3.5–8.0 mmol/L

CHD events and stroke over median 4.6 years

HHS

men, 40–55 years, asymptomatic

• non-HDL cholesterol >5.2 mmol/L

lipid changes, MI, cardiac death at 5 years