Table 5 Factors associated with vulnerable plaque in patients with and without DM
|  | Without DM (n = 334) | With DM (n = 122) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Factor | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p |
Age (per year) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | <0.01 | 1.02 (0.99–1.07) | 0.22 |
Male sex | 5.11 (2.20–11.85) | <0.01 | 1.86 (0.72–4.82) | 0.20 |
Hypertension | 1.61 (0.83–3.11) | 0.16 | 1.64 (0.60–4.46) | 0.34 |
Dyslipidemia | 1.42 (0.74–2.71) | 0.28 | 1.25 (0.51–3.07) | 0.62 |
Current smoking | 3.16 (1.61–6.20) | <0.01 | 0.76 (0.26–2.23) | 0.61 |
Total cholesterola | 0.80 (0.02–30.28) | 0.90 | 0.10 (0.001–21.32) | 0.40 |
Triglyceridesa | 2.39 (0.64–8.87) | 0.19 | 2.48 (0.39–15.87) | 0.34 |
HDL-cholesterola | 0.025 (0.001–0.49) | 0.02 | 0.43 (0.016–11.25) | 0.61 |
LDL-cholesterola | 6.50 (0.44–96.74) | 0.17 | 0.13 (0.003–4.84) | 0.27 |
Hemoglobin A1c | 1.86 (0.88–3.91) | 0.10 | 1.02 (0.78–1.33) | 0.90 |
High sensitivity CRPa | 1.04 (0.50-2.18) | 0.91 | 1.36 (0.52-3.55) | 0.53 |
VAT T1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
VAT T2 | 3.28 (1.15–9.36) | 0.03 | 1.26 (0.46–3.48) | 0.65 |
VAT T3 | 5.54 (2.02–15.18) | <0.01 | 0.84 (0.29–2.44) | 0.74 |
Antihypertensive agents | 1.29 (0.68–2.46) | 0.43 | 0.97 (0.40–2.35) | 0.95 |
Lipid-lowering agents | 1.34 (0.66–2.71) | 0.41 | 1.63 (0.70–3.80) | 0.26 |
Hypoglycemic agents | Not available |  | 1.09 (0.44–2.68) | 0.85 |