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Table 1 Anthropometric and biochemical variables among different glucose tolerance subjects

From: High glucose induces human endothelial dysfunction through an Axl-dependent mechanism

 

NGT

IGT

Type 2 Diabetes

*P value

 

(n = 100)

(n = 96)

(n = 104)

 

Age (years)

51.3 ± 1.46

55.1 ± 1.35

53.8 ± 1.28

0.032

Sex (M/F)

45/55

36/60

59/45

0.005

Blood pressure (mmHg)

    

 Systolic

119.4 ± 1.56

124.7 ± 1.69

126.8 ± 1.78

0.005‡

 Diastolic

75.4 ± 0.82

77.6 ± 1.24

83.2 ± 1.13

0.006‡

OGTT glucose (mmol/L)

    

 Fasting glucose

5.03 ± 0.08

5.48 ± 0.12

8.34 ± 0.38

<0.001‡

 2 h glucose

6.30 ± 0.06

10.13 ± 0.11

17.1 ± 0.36

<0.001‡

HbA1C (%)

5.5 ± 0.02

6.1 ± 0.06

8.4 ± 0.13

<0.001‡

HOMA-IR§

2.02 ± 0.18

3.42 ± 0.22

4.89 ± 0.28

<0.001‡

Endothelial dysfunction markers

    

 E-selectin (ng/ml)

44.8 ± 1.53

48.5 ± 1.82

62.3 ± 2.32

<0.001‡

 VCAM-1 (ng/ml)

518.2 ± 32.12

514.2 ± 36.81

668.4 ± 39.23

0.005‡

 ICAM-1 (ng/ml)

245.2 ± 8.78

246.2 ± 8.61

295.2 ± 9.52

<0.001‡

Gas6 (ng/ml)§

15.2 ± 0.42

13.5 ± 0.48

11.2 ± 0.31

0.002‡

  1. * assessed by one-way ANOVA, data shown as mean ± standard error mean.
  2. §The logarithms of these variables were used for the analysis.
  3. ‡NGT vs. type 2 diabetes. All assessed by post-hoc LSD test.
  4. NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1; VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.