Cardiovascular Diabetology

Table 3 Associations between HDL genetic risk scores and HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and coronary artery calcified plaque (CAC)

From: Impact of HDL genetic risk scores on coronary artery calcified plaque and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes from the Diabetes Heart Study

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	β Estimate (CI)	p-value	β Estimate (CI)	p-value	β Estimate (CI)	p-value
HDL
Risk score 1a	0.027 (-0.001- 0.055)	0.057	0.030 (0.005- 0.056)	0.022	0.033 (0.007- 0.058)	0.013
Risk score 1b	0.033 (0.003- 0.063)	0.031	0.034 (0.006- 0.061)	0.018	0.035 (0.008- 0.063)	0.012
Risk score 2a	0.046 (0.016- 0.076)	0.003	0.051 (0.023- 0.079)	3.85 × 10^-4	0.052 (0.024- 0.080)	3.06 × 10^-4
Risk score 2b	0.061 (0.034- 0.089)	1.42 × 10^-5	0.062 (0.036- 0.088)	2.60 × 10^-6	0.063 (0.037- 0.088)	1.44 × 10^-6
Combined unweighted	0.035 (0.015- 0.055)	0.001	0.039 (0.021- 0.058)	3.63 × 10^-5	0.040 (0.021- 0.058)	2.34 × 10^-5
Combined weighted	0.043 (0.025- 0.061)	4.65 × 10^-6	0.044 (0.027- 0.061)	4.90 × 10^-7	0.044 (0.027- 0.061)	2.75 × 10^-7
LDL
Risk score 1a	0.317 (-0.678- 1.311)	0.532	0.260 (-0.74- 1.260)	0.611	0.245 (-0.759- 1.248)	0.633
Risk score 1b	0.243 (-0.782- 1.268)	0.642	0.177 (-0.854- 1.207)	0.737	0.140 (-0.887- 1.167)	0.789
Risk score 2a	−0.823 (-1.978- 0.332)	0.163	−0.838 (-1.987- 0.312)	0.153	−0.805 (-1.955- 0.346)	0.170
Risk score 2b	−0.507 (-1.614- 0.600)	0.369	−0.604 (-1.713- 0.506)	0.286	−0.585 (-1.698- 0.529)	0.303
Combined unweighted	−0.243 (-1.018- 0.533)	0.539	−0.261 (-1.033- 0.512)	0.509	−0.266 (-1.038- 0.507)	0.501
Combined weighted	−0.260 (-0.988- 0.468)	0.484	−0.325 (-1.054- 0.404)	0.383	−0.327 (-1.060- 0.406)	0.381
Triglycerides
Risk score 1a	−0.002 (-0.019- 0.015)	0.853	−0.005 (-0.021- 0.012)	0.591	−0.006 (-0.022- 0.010)	0.469
Risk score 1b	−0.005 (-0.022- 0.013)	0.595	−0.007 (-0.024- 0.010)	0.402	−0.008 (-0.024- 0.009)	0.374
Risk score 2a	−0.013 (-0.034- 0.008)	0.220	−0.016 (-0.036- 0.004)	0.123	−0.015 (-0.036- 0.005)	0.133
Risk score 2b	−0.009 (-0.028- 0.010)	0.370	−0.013 (-0.031- 0.005)	0.162	−0.013 (-0.031- 0.005)	0.163
Combined unweighted	−0.010 (-0.023- 0.004)	0.157	−0.012 (-0.025- 0.001)	0.076	−0.012 (-0.025- 0.001)	0.072
Combined weighted	−0.007 (-0.020- 0.005)	0.246	−0.010 (-0.022- 0.002)	0.092	−0.010 (-0.022- 0.002)	0.096
Coronary Artery Calcified Plaque (CAC)
Risk score 1a	−0.079 (-0.154- -0.003)	0.042	−0.065 (-0.128- -0.001)	0.046	−0.068 (-0.128- -0.008)	0.027
Risk score 1b	−0.067 (-0.146- 0.012)	0.097	−0.053 (-0.119- 0.014)	0.119	−0.059 (-0.123- 0.004)	0.065
Risk score 2a	−0.072 (-0.154- 0.011)	0.089	−0.063 (-0.134- 0.009)	0.085	−0.082 (-0.149- -0.014)	0.017
Risk score 2b	−0.117 (-0.197- -0.036)	0.005	−0.088 (-0.156- -0.020)	0.011	−0.101 (-0.163- -0.038)	0.002
Combined unweighted	−0.083 (-0.140- -0.026)	0.004	−0.077 (-0.123- -0.031)	0.001	−0.080 (-0.124- -0.037)	3.18 × 10^-4
Combined weighted	−0.087 (-0.141- -0.033)	0.002	−0.069 (-0.114- -0.024)	0.002	−0.075 (-0.117- -0.034)	3.85 × 10^-4

Analysis was performed using marginal models with generalized estimating equations. Model 1 is unadjusted; Model 2 is adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI); Model 3 is adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, hypertension, and prior cardiovascular disease. Associations are reported as the β estimate and its 95% confidence interval (CI).

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