Diabetes severity and the role of leisure time physical exercise on cardiovascular mortality: the Nord-Trøndelag Health study (HUNT), Norway

Table 3 Hazard ratios (HRs) for death from cardiovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease associated with diabetes treatment and leisure time physical exercise

		Death from cardiovascular disease			Death from ischaemic heart disease
Hours of leisure time physical exercise per week	No. of person-years	No. of deaths	HR*	HR† (95% CI)	No. of deaths	HR*	HR† (95% CI)
Without diabetes
Inactive	468,436	3,108	1.00	1.00 (reference)	1,391	1.00	1.00 (reference)
0.1-1.9 hours	514,603	2,759	0.78	0.83 (0.79-0.87)	1,256	0.79	0.86 (0.80-0.93)
≥ 2.0 hours	159,901	1,377	0.77	0.84 (0.79-0.89)	630	0.80	0.88 (0.80-0.97)
Diabetes without medication‡
Inactive	2,359	95	1.74	1.65 (1.34-2.03)	48	2.04	1.90 (1.42-2.54)
0.1-1.9 hours	2,514	69	1.45	1.44 (1.13-1.83)	30	1.50	1.48 (1.03-2.13)
≥ 2.0 hours	1,008	27	1.06	0.99 (0.68-1.45)	12	1.08	1.02 (0.58-1.80)
Diabetes with medication‡
Inactive	3,151	140	2.49	2.46 (2.08-2.92)	70	2.91	2.92 (2.29-3.72)
0.1-1.9 hours	3,233	91	2.48	2.64 (2.14-3.25)	57	3.41	3.67 (2.81-4.79)
≥ 2.0 hours	1,583	57	1.49	1.58 (1.21-2.05)	24	1.39	1.49 (0.99-2.23)

Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio.
*Adjusted for age (as the time scale) and birth cohort (5 years strata), sex (male, female).
†Adjusted for age (as the time scale) and birth cohort (5 years strata), sex (male, female), smoking (never, former, current, unknown), education (<10 years, 10–12 years, >13 years, unknown), alcohol (0, 1–4, ≥ 5 times last 14 days, total abstainer, unknown), systolic blood pressure, body mass index.
‡Medication refers to oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin.

ISSN: 1475-2840