Antidiabetic treatment restores adiponectin serum levels and APPL1 expression, but does not improve adiponectin-induced vasodilation and endothelial dysfunction in Zucker diabetic fatty rats

Table 1 Biometric data and blood glucose levels

Parameters	ZL	ZDF	ZDF+I	ZDF+M	p
Parameters	(n = 6)	(n = 6)	(n = 7)	(n = 7)	p
Body Weight at Week 12 [g]	333 ± 10*	367 ± 11	376 ± 6	377 ± 10	0.001
Body Weight at Week 22 [g]	415 ± 14	410 ± 15	603 ± 10†	425 ± 14	0.001
SBP at Week 12 [mmHg]	151 ± 6§	118 ± 3	128 ± 5	125 ± 6	0.002
SBP at Week 22 [mmHg]	137 ± 6	129 ± 7	125 ± 3	136 ± 2	0.425
Heart Rate at Week 12 [bpm]	595 ± 16#	471 ± 26	543 ± 12¥	475 ± 18	0.001
Heart Rate at Week 22 [bpm]	549 ± 14⍑	460 ± 17	489 ± 12	465 ± 23	0.023
Blood Glucose at Week 11 [mg/dl]	77 ± 4~	245 ± 15	239 ± 8	226 ± 9	<0.001
Blood Glucose at Week 22 [mg/dl]	75 ± 3Φ	259 ± 17	106 ± 10¶	231 ± 24	<0.001

Abbreviations: ZL Zucker lean rats, ZDF Zucker diabetic fatty rats, ZDF+I Zucker diabetic fatty rats treated with insulin, ZDF+M Zucker diabetic fatty rats treated with metformin, SBP systolic blood pressure. p p-value for one-way ANOVA.
Post hoc testing: * p < 0.001 vs. ZDF, ZDF+I and ZDF+M. † p < 0.001 vs. ZL, ZDF+I and ZDF+M. § p < 0.001 vs. ZDF, p = 0.002 vs. ZDF+M, p = 0.005 vs. ZDF+I. # p < 0.001 vs. ZDF and ZDF+M. ¥ p = 0.011 vs. ZDF, p = 0.009 vs. ZDF+M. ⍑ p = 0.005 vs. ZDF, p = 0.007 vs. ZDF+M. ~ p < 0.001 vs. ZDF, ZDF+I and ZDF+M. Φ p < 0.001 vs. ZDF and ZDF+M. ¶ p < 0.001 vs. ZDF and ZDF+M.

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