Table 2 Unadjusted and least-square adjusted mean concentrations (standard error) of lipids and apolipoprotein B among adults aged ≥20 years, by glycemic status and survey, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1988–1991 and 2005-2006
Diagnosed diabetes | Undiagnosed diabetes | Prediabetes | Normal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | 1988-1991 | 2005-2008 | P* | |
N | 207 | 457 | 92 | 103 | 566 | 850 | 2337 | 2539 | ||||
Unadjusted | ||||||||||||
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 215.0 (3.6) | 181.0 (2.3) | <0.001 | 223.0 (5.0) | 200.4 (4.8) | 0.002 | 218.0 (1.7) | 202.9 (1.8) | <0.001 | 200.5 (1.4) | 195.0 (0.9) | 0.002 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 49.1 (1.6) | 50.7 (1.0) | 0.390 | 44.9 (1.8) | 47.7 (1.6) | 0.234 | 48.0 (0.7) | 53.6 (0.7) | <0.001 | 51.8 (0.7) | 55.7 (0.4) | <0.001 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 135.4 (2.9) | 100.5 (1.8) | <0.001 | 143.3 (3.8) | 121.7 (4.3) | <0.001 | 142.6 (1.8) | 122.3 (1.4) | <0.001 | 124.8 (1.3) | 115.4 (0.9) | <0.001 |
Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 166.0 (4.4) | 130.3 (2.0) | <0.001 | 178.1 (4.6) | 152.7 (4.4) | <0.001 | 170.0 (1.8) | 149.3 (1.8) | <0.001 | 148.8 (1.5) | 139.3 (1.0) | <0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl)† | 153.1 (9.8) | 148.9 (4.0) | 0.687 | 173.6 (10.1) | 155.4 (10.1) | 0.207 | 137.0 (4.2) | 136.9 (3.6) | 0.985 | 119.6 (3.6) | 119.5 (1.7) | 0.974 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ | 137.8 (9.7) | 133.0 (3.6) | 0.634 | 158.4 (9.2) | 135.0 (9.4) | 0.084 | 122.0 (3.5) | 122.1 (2.9) | 0.970 | 104.3 (3.2) | 104.6 (1.6) | 0.933 |
Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) | 114.2 (2.7) | 96.3 (1.5) | <0.001 | 120.3 (3.4) | 110.4 (3.1) | 0.035 | 115.6 (1.3) | 106.2 (1.2) | <0.001 | 102.0 (0.9) | 98.6 (0.8) | 0.011 |
Age-adjusted | ||||||||||||
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 206.7 (3.5) | 172.3 (2.5) | <0.001 | 215.2 (4.5) | 191.3 (4.7) | 0.001 | 211.0 (1.7) | 195.9 (1.8) | <0.001 | 202.9 (1.4) | 197.0 (0.8) | <0.001 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 47.5 (1.6) | 49.1 (1.0) | 0.418 | 43.4 (1.7) | 46.0 (1.6) | 0.265 | 46.7 (0.7) | 52.3 (0.7) | <0.001 | 52.2 (0.7) | 56.0 (0.4) | <0.001 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 130.2 (2.8) | 95.1 (2.0) | <0.001 | 138.5 (3.7) | 116.0 (4.3) | <0.001 | 138.3 (1.8) | 118.0 (1.5) | <0.001 | 126.3 (1.3) | 116.7 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 159.2 (4.3) | 123.3 (2.2) | <0.001 | 171.8 (4.3) | 145.2 (4.3) | <0.001 | 164.3 (1.9) | 143.7 (1.8) | <0.001 | 150.7 (1.5) | 141.0 (0.9) | <0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl)† | 145.1 (9.6) | 140.5 (4.2) | 0.662 | 166.1 (9.8) | 146.6 (9.7) | 0.160 | 130.2 (4.4) | 130.1 (3.5) | 0.993 | 121.9 (3.6) | 121.5 (1.6) | 0.912 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ | 127.9 (8.9) | 123.0 (3.6) | 0.601 | 147.7 (8.3) | 124.3 (8.3) | 0.052 | 114.5 (3.3) | 114.7 (2.5) | 0.957 | 106.5 (3.2) | 106.5 (1.5) | 1.000 |
Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) | 109.9 (2.7) | 91.9 (1.6) | <0.001 | 116.3 (3.2) | 105.7 (3.1) | 0.024 | 112.0 (1.3) | 102.6 (1.2) | <0.001 | 103.2 (0.9) | 99.7 (0.7) | 0.006 |
Adjusted for age, gender, race or ethnicity, education, and body mass index | ||||||||||||
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 205.6 (3.3) | 169.6 (2.5) | <0.001 | 213.0 (4.7) | 187.6 (4.3) | <0.001 | 211.5 (1.8) | 194.7 (1.9) | <0.001 | 203.7 (1.3) | 197.0 (0.8) | <0.001 |
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 48.1 (1.2) | 52.2 (1.0) | 0.010 | 46.6 (2.0) | 51.1 (2.1) | 0.128 | 46.9 (0.7) | 53.7 (0.7) | <0.001 | 51.2 (0.6) | 56.0 (0.3) | <0.001 |
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 129.2 (2.6) | 91.8 (1.9) | <0.001 | 135.1 (4.2) | 110.6 (3.8) | <0.001 | 138.0 (1.9) | 116.3 (1.5) | <0.001 | 127.4 (1.3) | 116.8 (0.7) | <0.001 |
Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 157.5 (3.9) | 117.4 (2.2) | <0.001 | 166.4 (5.3) | 136.4 (3.7) | <0.001 | 164.6 (1.9) | 141.0 (1.9) | <0.001 | 152.6 (1.3) | 141.0 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl)† | 141.7 (8.2) | 128.2 (4.3) | 0.153 | 156.3 (11.5) | 129.6 (11.4) | 0.100 | 133.0 (3.8) | 125.2 (3.5) | 0.137 | 125.9 (3.2) | 120.9 (1.6) | 0.161 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ | 124.4 (7.2) | 111.0 (3.3) | 0.078 | 136.3 (10.0) | 108.0 (8.6) | 0.032 | 117.5 (2.7) | 110.1 (2.3) | 0.041 | 110.2 (2.9) | 105.9 (1.4) | 0.179 |
Apolipoprotein B (mg/dl) | 108.7 (2.5) | 88.0 (1.5) | <0.001 | 112.5 (3.4) | 99.7 (2.8) | 0.005 | 111.8 (1.5) | 100.8 (1.2) | <0.001 | 104.4 (0.9) | 99.8 (0.6) | <0.001 |